Book
Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing
This book constitutes a collection of selected contributions from the 12th International Conference on Perspectives in Business Informatics Research, BIR 2013, held in Warsaw, Poland, in September 2013. Overall, 54 submissions were rigorously reviewed by 41 members of the Program Committee representing 21 countries. As a result, 19 full and 5 short papers from 12 countries have been selected for publication in this volume. This book also includes the two keynotes by Witold Abramowicz and Bernhard Thalheim. The papers cover many aspects of business information research and have been organized in topical sections on: business process management; enterprise and knowledge architectures; organizations and information systems development; information systems and services; and applications.
In order to support management functions in dynamically changing corporate enterprises, adequate information systems need to be built, automating desirable adaptation of inter- and intra- organizational business processes. This paper therefore introduces a new approach to the design of multi-agent information systems meant for planning, discovering, monitoring deviations, and optimizing business processes. Expected qualitative breakthrough in the system’s capacity is based on the matching of its constructional and behavioral perspective with the ontological model of supported enterprise. Besides, conformity between organizational and information systems is supplemented by their conceptual alignment in the description of states and processes. The method of multi-agent framework construction and its application for traceability in supply chains are presented in this paper.
In this paper authors wish to present an approach to information modeling and software design suitable for developing evolvable semantic applications in the domain of research team formation. The novel proposals include specialization of generic paradigm of ontological engineering, specific types of machine-readable RDF ontologies and application of temporal look at information relevant for team formation. In order to validate theoretical approach a software prototype of the evolvable web-based semantic platform InfoPort was developed.
In this paper authors wish to present an approach to information modeling and software design suitable for developing evolvable semantic applications in the domain of research team formation. The novel proposals include specialization of generic paradigm of ontological engineering, specific types of machine-readable RDF ontologies and application of temporal look at information relevant for team formation. In order to validate theoretical approach a software prototype of the evolvable web-based semantic platform InfoPort was developed.
The paper describes the development of a portal about development and use of tools based on the (meta) modeling (using DSM, DSL, etc.). The architecture of a portal, information retrieval subsystem and document management are described.
The purpose of the portal is the creation of "selfdeveloping" resource, which provides intelligent search and automatic processing of the results (documents and sources), easy navigation on the found resources. Implementation is based on the ontologies approach.
The main feature of suggested methods is an integrated approach to development. The approach bases on a multi-level ontology repository. The portal allows searching and analyzing information, creating and researching model, publishing research results. Software gives an opportunity of a flexible customizing. The main topic of this paper is an intelligent information search means based on semantic indexation, automatic document classification, tracking of semantic links between documents and automatic summarization.
To large organizations, business intelligence (BI) promises the capability of collecting and analyzing internal and external data to generate knowledge and value, thus providing decision support at the strategic, tactical, and operational levels. BI is now impacted by the “Big Data” phenomena and the evolution of society and users. In particular, BI applications must cope with additional heterogeneous (often Web-based) sources, e.g., from social networks, blogs, competitors’, suppliers’, or distributors’ data, governmental or NGO-based analysis and papers, or from research publications. In addition, they must be able to provide their results also on mobile devices, taking into account location-based or time-based environmental data. The lectures held at the Third European Business Intelligence Summer School (eBISS), which are presented here in an extended and refined format, cover not only established BI and BPM technologies, but extend into innovative aspects that are important in this new environment and for novel applications, e.g., pattern and process mining, business semantics, Linked Open Data, and large-scale data management and analysis. Combining papers by leading researchers in the field, this volume equips the reader with the state-of-the-art background necessary for creating the future of BI. It also provides the reader with an excellent basis and many pointers for further research in this growing field.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th Conference on Knowledge Engineering and the Semantic Web, KESW 2013, held in St. Petersburg, Russia, in October 2013. The 18 revised full papers presented together with 7 short system descriptions were carefully reviewed and selected from 52 submissions. The papers address research issues related to knowledge representation, semantic web, and linked data.
The aim of this article is to highlight the relationships between contemporary tendencies in the humanities (the new ontologies) and contemporary architectural practices. The author articulates the distinction between the optics of the «old ontologies» and the new ones. The ontologies considered to be new ones are flat, free from classical opposition between the whole and the parts and based on modality of possibility, but not obligation. Objects and practices traditionally referred to as architecture appear to be based on the principles of the «old ontologies». For them human being is an extraordinary object compared to others, the part-to-whole relationships appear to reflect either the superiority of the whole (society) or the superiority of the part (individual), finally, they are aimed at creating an “it has to be this way” picture. The new ontologies seem to be impossible to apply to architecture in its traditional meaning. Nevertheless, a two-fold link between the new ontologies and architecture can be posed. On the one hand, the former offer a new language to describe the variety of traditional architecture and accept that all of directions, styles and buildings are ontologically coordinate. On the other hand, the new ontologies enable some new architectural practices (computer architecture, architecture of virtual space and speculative architecture) which do not substitute for traditional architecture, but accompany it.
Keywords: new ontologies, flat ontologies, architecture, computer architecture, architecture of virtual space, speculative architecture
A model for organizing cargo transportation between two node stations connected by a railway line which contains a certain number of intermediate stations is considered. The movement of cargo is in one direction. Such a situation may occur, for example, if one of the node stations is located in a region which produce raw material for manufacturing industry located in another region, and there is another node station. The organization of freight traffic is performed by means of a number of technologies. These technologies determine the rules for taking on cargo at the initial node station, the rules of interaction between neighboring stations, as well as the rule of distribution of cargo to the final node stations. The process of cargo transportation is followed by the set rule of control. For such a model, one must determine possible modes of cargo transportation and describe their properties. This model is described by a finite-dimensional system of differential equations with nonlocal linear restrictions. The class of the solution satisfying nonlocal linear restrictions is extremely narrow. It results in the need for the “correct” extension of solutions of a system of differential equations to a class of quasi-solutions having the distinctive feature of gaps in a countable number of points. It was possible numerically using the Runge–Kutta method of the fourth order to build these quasi-solutions and determine their rate of growth. Let us note that in the technical plan the main complexity consisted in obtaining quasi-solutions satisfying the nonlocal linear restrictions. Furthermore, we investigated the dependence of quasi-solutions and, in particular, sizes of gaps (jumps) of solutions on a number of parameters of the model characterizing a rule of control, technologies for transportation of cargo and intensity of giving of cargo on a node station.
Event logs collected by modern information and technical systems usually contain enough data for automated process models discovery. A variety of algorithms was developed for process models discovery, conformance checking, log to model alignment, comparison of process models, etc., nevertheless a quick analysis of ad-hoc selected parts of a journal still have not get a full-fledged implementation. This paper describes an ROLAP-based method of multidimensional event logs storage for process mining. The result of the analysis of the journal is visualized as directed graph representing the union of all possible event sequences, ranked by their occurrence probability. Our implementation allows the analyst to discover process models for sublogs defined by ad-hoc selection of criteria and value of occurrence probability
Existing approaches suggest that IT strategy should be a reflection of business strategy. However, actually organisations do not often follow business strategy even if it is formally declared. In these conditions, IT strategy can be viewed not as a plan, but as an organisational shared view on the role of information systems. This approach generally reflects only a top-down perspective of IT strategy. So, it can be supplemented by a strategic behaviour pattern (i.e., more or less standard response to a changes that is formed as result of previous experience) to implement bottom-up approach. Two components that can help to establish effective reaction regarding new initiatives in IT are proposed here: model of IT-related decision making, and efficiency measurement metric to estimate maturity of business processes and appropriate IT. Usage of proposed tools is demonstrated in practical cases.
The manual is intended for students of Department of computer engineering MIEM HSE. In the textbook based on the courses "Economics of firm" and "the development strategy of the organization." Discusses the key conceptual and methodological issues of the theory and practice of Economics and development planning of the organization. The use of textbooks will enable students: to analyze key performance indicators, and use the tools of strategic analysis with reference to concrete situations in contemporary Russian and international business. Special attention is paid to the methods and systems of information support of the life support functions of business organizations and management methodology of innovation and investment. An Appendix contains source data for analysis of competition in a particular industry.
The paper provides a number of proposed draft operational guidelines for technology measurement and includes a number of tentative technology definitions to be used for statistical purposes, principles for identification and classification of potentially growing technology areas, suggestions on the survey strategies and indicators. These are the key components of an internationally harmonized framework for collecting and interpreting technology data that would need to be further developed through a broader consultation process. A summary of definitions of technology already available in OECD manuals and the stocktaking results are provided in the Annex section.
Over the last two decades national policy makers drew special attention to the implementation of policy tools which foster international cooperation in the fields of science, technology, and innovation. In this paper, we look at cases of Russian-German collaboration to examine the initiatives of the Russian government aimed at stimulating the innovation activity of domestic corporations and small and medium enterprises. The data derived from the interviews with companies’ leaders show positive effects of bilateral innovative projects on the overall business performance alongside with major barriers hindering international cooperation. To overcome these barriers we provide specific suggestions relevant to the recently developed Russian Innovation Strategy 2020.