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Современная логика: основания, предмет и перспективы развития
In this early paper C. Wright Mills tries to ground the possibility for the study of thinking (including logical) from the perspective of sociology of knowledge. Following G.H. Mead, he shows that thinking is a social process because every thinker converses with his or her audience using the norms of rationality and logicality common to his or her culture. Language serves as a mediator between thinking and social patterns. Proposing to consider the meaning of language as the common social behavior evoked by it, Mills finds a way to combine three levels of analysis: psychological, social and cultural.
The article is devoted to considering the problem of possible worlds in Leibniz. The author shows that the idea of possible worlds is basic in Leibniz’s theory of «the best of all possible worlds» where it is postulated in the metaphysical justification of the divine creation as a free act and in the solution of the theological problem concerning the existence of evil. Also, Leibniz connects this idea with logic which he interprets as a science about all possible worlds. Leibniz's dichotomy between «truths of reason» and «truths of fact» is investigated in the context of necessity and contingency. Logical and moral reasons for God's choice of the best of possible worlds are examined in detail in both early and mature works by Leibniz.
This volume contains the proceedings of the Joint Meeting of the Twenty-Third Annual EACSL Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL) and the Twenty-Ninth Annual ACM/ IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science (LICS). CSL is the annual meeting of the European Association for Computer Science Logic (EACSL) intended for computer scientists whose research activities involve logic, as well as for logicians working on issues significant for computer science. LICS is an annual international forum on theoretical and practical topics in computer science that relate to logic. Every 3--4 years, LICS has been part of the Federated Logic Conference (FLoC). Given that FLoC was to be held as part of the Vienna Summer of Logic (VSL) during July 2014, the organizers of CSL and LICS have chosen to merge the 2014 editions of these meetings into a single event within FLoC and VSL. Thus, in 2014, the joint meeting had one program committee, one program, and one proceedings.
The present manual is written on the basis of the course on inductive logic which is delivered in English to philosophy students of National Research University Higher School of Economics. The manual describes the main approaches to constructing inductive logic; it clarifies its key notions and rules, and it formulates its major problems. This introductory text can be useful for all readers who are interested in contemporary inductive logic.
This article deals with the general characterization of the legal conception elaborated by the prominent jurist of the 20th century — Hans Kelsen (1881-1973). The author examines the basic biographic facts about intellectual formation of this Austrian legal thinker. The author particularly underlines the relationship between Kelsen’s ideas about law, and his practical activity as law professor, jurist, and judge. The special accent is made on the period before the Second World War. In author’s opinion, it is during this period that the philosophical and conceptual basis of the pure theory of law has been laid down.
In this paper are studied the problems of legal development in the modern societies. This development is examined in the perspective of globalization and modernisation which lead the lawyers to the new understanding of communicative and social dimension of law. In author’s opinion, the contemporary theory of law needs a new approach to law which takes into account social possibilities of the interhuman behaviour and the social reality of law. Introducing such a theory implies a self-referent, operative and normative integrity of law and of the legal communication
The present volume is devoted to the 'Open Rusian-Finish Colloquium on Logic' (ORFIC), held at the Saint-Petersburg State University, on June 14-16, 2012. Among the participants there were such prominent Finish logicians as Jaakko Hintikka, Ilkka Niiniluoto ang Gabriel Sandu. The volume covers the most interesting results recently obtained in different areas of research in logic.
This volume is of interest to everyone, concerned in modern logic.
We consider certain spaces of functions on the circle, which naturally appear in harmonic analysis, and superposition operators on these spaces. We study the following question: which functions have the property that each their superposition with a homeomorphism of the circle belongs to a given space? We also study the multidimensional case.
We consider the spaces of functions on the m-dimensional torus, whose Fourier transform is p -summable. We obtain estimates for the norms of the exponential functions deformed by a C1 -smooth phase. The results generalize to the multidimensional case the one-dimensional results obtained by the author earlier in “Quantitative estimates in the Beurling—Helson theorem”, Sbornik: Mathematics, 201:12 (2010), 1811 – 1836.
We consider the spaces of function on the circle whose Fourier transform is p-summable. We obtain estimates for the norms of exponential functions deformed by a C1 -smooth phase.