Book
Источниковедение
Traced the formation and transformation of disciplinary status of the source study. Discovered the meaning of basic concepts of source study: a historical source, the system of types of historical sources, the empirical reality of the historical world. Considered the problem of the classification of historical sources.
Analyzed the specific structure of the sources of the Russian history of XVIII – early XX century. Described the features of the complex of historical sources of the modern period.
Comparative source study considered as a method of comparative-historical research, based on theoretical understanding of the basic classification unit of source study – types of historical sources as representations of the forms of social human activities, the totality of which represents the culture system.
Analyzed the methods of the formation of the source basis in historical research.
Analyzed the procedure of source research, described the logic procedures for source analysis and synthesis.
Substantiate d a radically new structure of source studies as a scientific discipline, as a method of historical research, as the tools of the historian. Stated the position of considering the source study of the position change of types of rationality / models of science.
Nikolai Vasil’evich Kyuner (1877-1955) is a Russian orientalist. After his graduation with merit from Saint Petersburg State University, he was sent for two years to the Far Eastern countries. After his return he was appointed as a Head of the Department of Historical and Geographical Sciences at Eastern Institute (Vladivostok) in 1904. Since then he became one the first Russian orientalists who held systematic courses on history, geography and ethnography. Author of more than 400 works. This article focuses on a typescript of his unpublished research “Korea in the second half of the 18th century” that is held at the Archive of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Saint-Petersburg). Still unknown to the most of the Russian Koreanists, it nevertheless retains its scientific significance as one of the earliest attempts to appeal to the history of the "golden age" of Korea. The date of its accomplishment is unknown though basing on the analysis of mentioned documents we restore it to the 1931-40s. Our aim is to introduce this typescript to the Russian historians and orientalists and to examine the correctness and actuality of the text. N. V. Kuyner’s typescript consists of seven sections: “Introduction. Sources review”, “General characteristics of the achieved stage of social development of Korea in the second half of the 18th century”, “Great impoverishment of the country”, “Peasantry”, “Cities”, “Mass uprisings”, “Military bureaucratic regime”, “The Great Collection of Laws” (the lawbook). There are excerpts from foreign and domestic publications of the 19th - early 20th centuries, as well as valuable information about the Korean codes of laws, encyclopedias of the 18th century, which have not yet been translated into European languages. The focus is given to the socio-economic situation of Korea in the 18th century; the struggle of court groupings of the 16th-18th centuries and its role in the domestic and foreign policy of the country; the social structure of society and the problems of the peasantry; the role of trade in the development of the Middle Korean society; legal proceedings and legislation, etc. One of the first in Russian Koreanistics, N. V. Kyuner turned to the reasons for the formation of the Korean “parties” named sasaek and the subsequent events, linking the unstable situation in the country to the formal “closing” it for external contacts and the execution of the Crown Prince Sado (1735-1762).
The article considers the specifics of audiovisual historical sources in popular musical studies and describes the main steps of the source analysis, focusing mostly on American and British popular music of the 20th century. The understanding of the specifics of audiovisual sources and popular music developed in the fields of audiovisual studies and popular music studies set the general framework for a source study of audiovisual sources in popular musical culture. Popular music is a complex social institute: lyrics, musical form, production and music recording are equal components of a popular music. The analysis of popular music should take into account all these elements. The researchers do not study exclusively written sources (scores and transcriptions which are not often used in popular music industry). It has significantly expanded the empirical base: from audio sources and live recordings to musical artifacts (clothes of musicians, musical instruments, and medium) and music clubs or record-studios. Accordingly, the specific ‘language’ of audiovisual sources is due to the peculiarities of production, presentation and distribution of musical products in the cultural industry. As an example, the author considers the specifics of the music industry and culture in the United States and Great Britain in the 20th century, focusing on sound recordings, music media and music distribution in these countries. Finally, the article highlights several stages in the source study of popular musical: collecting general information on a source (its history; structure; elements of the author’s style; authorship; the features of a source record; socio-cultural context of its creation; reception; forms of distribution); genre characteristics of a source; ‘content’ of a source (lyrics analysis, musical form); presentation (artistic design, style of live performance, entourage); audience (audience composition, reception).
The Life of the Patriarch John the Faster is published and introsuced as a first-hand historical source