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21 February 2020
Free Will or Fate? Why Russian Children Rarely Switch Schools
Unlike many other countries, Russian children’s educational path is decided from an early age. Starting with the first grade, parents try to send their children to schools where they can remain until they graduate after either the 9th or 11th grades. Moreover, many families do not use the opportunity available to them to transfer their children to a better school partway through their education. The result is that inter-school mobility remains low and a child’s educational path is often hard-wired early on, HSE University sociologists in St. Petersburg found.
21 February 2020
Ugly but Necessary: How Street Trading Spread in Post-Soviet Russia
In 1992 in post-Soviet Russia, retail trade was allowed to flow out of stores to the streets where people were now able to sell things hand-to-hand, from stands and kiosks. Immediately, street vendors flooded the country and open-air markets expanded and multiplied. After a few years, according to some estimates, more than 30 million people, or nearly half of Russia's economically active population, were engaged in trading. This phenomenon was examined in detail for the first time by HSE professor Oleg Khlevniuk.
19 February 2020
Attention and Atención: How Language Proficiency Correlates with Cognitive Skills
An international team of researchers carried out an experiment at HSE University demonstrating that knowledge of several languages can improve the performance of the human brain. In their study, they registered a correlation between participants’ cognitive control and their proficiency in a second language.

Article

Применение понятия «температура» для описания динамики пылевых частиц в плазме газового разряда

Доклады Академии наук. 2012. Т. 446. № 4. С. 393-397.
Тимофеев А. В., Норман Г. Э.
Translator: N. Korovin

The small number of dust particles in the system and their large kinetic energy make it impossible to use the notion of “temperature” to describe the dynamics of dust particles in gas discharge without substantiation. We simulated the isolated and open systems of dust particles based on the molecular dynamics method and suggested the substantiation of applying
the term “temperature” to describe the dynamics of the system of dust particles in the gas discharge plasma. The closeness of the equilibrium velocity distribution for a small number of particles and the Maxwell distribution for isolated and open systems is shown. It is found that the average kinetic energy precisely coincides with the velocity distribution parame
ter of the dust particles. The necessity of separation the temperature of the horizontal motion and the temperature of the vertical motion of dust particles is shown.



Research target: Physics
Priority areas: IT and mathematicsengineering science
Language: Russian
Translation of this article into English
Full text (PDF, 209 Kb)
Keywords: Пылевая плазмакинетическая температура28.17.23 Моделирование физических процессовметод молекулярной динамики
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