Глоссарий к Песни песней в «Забелинской подборке»: заимствованная лексика и ее источники

Вестник Православного Свято-Тихоновского гуманитарного университета. Серия 3: Филология. 2021. № 67. С. 11–49.

Grishchenko A.

This article analyses the Hebrew inclusions and loanwords in a Glossary for the Song of Songs, that is the fi rst part of the so-called Zabelin’s Set, the cluster of Biblical texts translated from Jewish sources into Old Ruthenian, which was found in the manuscript Zabel. 436 from the 1630s–50s (State Historical Museum, Moscow). The Glossary was created, however, in rather earlier times, probably in the époque when translations were made from Hebrew into Old Ruthenian which were included in the Vilna Biblical Codex (the unique manuscript from the fi rst quarter of the 16th century). The Glossary contains the readings of the Song of Songs found in the Vilna Codex only, or in the unique manuscript from the Russian State Library (Museum 8222, mid- 16th century) only, or from both these manuscripts. The Glossary thus seems to be the first independent evidence of the existence of Vilna and Museum Slavic translations of the Song of Songs, including the loanwords there. These loanwords have not been studied comprehensively yet. Furthermore, the Glossary was apparently a draft of the Vilna Codex translation which used materials of the Museum translation and other sources, including the Hebrew Masoretic Text. The words in the Glossary, which were borrowed from High German—with the Old Polish and/or Old Czech mediation—and were adopted by the end of the 15th century, have a textual accordance to the High German translations of the Song of Songs, both of the Christian ones made from the Vulgate (vorlutherische deutsche Bibeln) and of the Jewish ones made in so-called Old Yiddish, or Proto-Yiddish (in Hebrew script): these translations into the “Ashkenazi language” are known from the 14th–15th-centuries manuscripts and are kept in full in the 1544-first-printed editions of the Jewish Humash with the Five Scrolls which also contain the Song of Songs.

Keywords: языковые контакты, библеистика, церковнославянский язык, Песнь Песней, Church Slavonic, biblical studies, language contact, Jewish-Christian relations, иудео-христианские отношения, "проста мова", Old Ruthenian, Song of Songs, Old Yiddish, mediaeval vocabularies, Jewish interpretation of the Bible, Interslavic communication, средневековая лексикография, старый идиш, иудейская библейская экзегеза, межславянские связи