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On topological classification of Morse–Smale diffeomorphisms on the sphere S^n (n > 3)
We consider the class G(S^n) of orientation preserving Morse–Smale diffeomorphisms of the sphere S^n of dimension n > 3, assuming that invariant manifolds of different saddle periodic points have no intersection. For any diffeomorphism f ∈ G(S^n), we define a coloured graph Γ_f that describes a mutual arrangement of invariant manifolds of saddle periodic points of the diffeomorphism f. We enrich the graph Γ_f by an automorphism P_f induced by dynamics of f and define the isomorphism notion between two coloured graphs. The aim of the paper is to show that two diffeomorphisms f, f' ∈ G(S^n) are topologically conjugated if and only if the graphs Γ_f, Γ_f' are isomorphic. Moreover, we establish the existence of a linear-time algorithm to distinguish coloured graphs of diffeomorphisms from the class G(S^n).