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Does the friendship matters? Sharing, fairness and parochial altruism in African children and adolescents
Social Evolution & History. 2020. Vol. 19. No. 1. P. 89-112.
In this paper we present data on the altruistic behavior among ru- ral Meru and urban mixed-ethnic children of Dar-es-Salaam of Tanzania, based on their decision-making in three sets of sharing games. Particularly, we examine the readiness of rural and urban African schoolchildren to take prosocial, sharing and fairness decisions; we also reveal to what extent these decisions are congruent towards friends and anonymous peers and test the gender differences in the decision-making. Our results provide another confirmation of the parochial altruism hypothesis.
Burkova V., Butovskaya M., Дронова Д. А. et al., Экспериментальная психология 2021 Т. 14 № 3 С. 50-66
The article presents the results of an experimental study of altruism and parochialism among school- children in Moscow and the Moscow region. The propensity for prosocial behavior in children was assessed using an experimental technique developed by E. Fehr and adapted earlier in our experiments with children (Tanzania). A sample of the study consists of ...
Added: October 26, 2021
Bondarenko D. M., Social Evolution & History 2014 Vol. 13 No. 2 P. 97-118
The evidence shows that the Tanzanian and Zambian university students representing the African by origin overwhelming majority of the countries' population are generally tolerant towards their compatriots of the non-African (European and South Asian) origins. However, the evidence also gives reason to argue that the level of tolerance among the Zambian students is higher than ...
Added: October 7, 2014
Феденок Ю. Н., Burkova V., Сибирские исторические исследования 2020 Т. 2 С. 6-40
11 March 2020. COVID-19 is declared a pandemic. The era of “social distance” has come, characterized as minimizing contacts between people and maintaining the one-to- two meter distance between individuals. Reduction of interpersonal contacts and increased social distance are part of behavioural adaptation to epidemics in the human evolution. In this article we consider social ...
Added: October 30, 2020
Турьинская Х. М., Азия и Африка сегодня 2014 № 7 С. 60-63
Celebration of the anniversary of the United Republic of Tanzania provides an occasion to reflect on trends in political development of African states, about integration and disintegration processes which are taking place on the Continent, on the problems of sovereignty and separation of powers, on the fate and prospects of unions and federations. In recent ...
Added: October 15, 2014
М. : Издательская группа URSS, 2008
В монографии исследуются факторы и тенденции динамики межрасовых и межэтнических отношений в современной Танзании. Книга основана на полевых материалах, собранных Российской комплексной экспедицией в Объединенной Республике Танзания в ходе сезона 2005 г. Описываются и анализируются отношения между танзанийскими этническими группами, межэтнические отношения на Занзибаре, история арабских, индийских и европейских общин Танзании, а также современное состояние, ...
Added: December 23, 2013
Burkova V., Butovskaya M., Karelin D., Social Evolution & History 2016 Vol. 15 No. 2 P. 141-163
The Meru live in one of the most fertile and densely populated areas of Tanzania, and their current population number is about 198,000 people. Today they are organized in 26 clans. Most Wameru claim their origin from the Machame and Siha/Ng'uni groups associated with Chagga community, whose ancestors arrived and settled on the slopes of ...
Added: December 16, 2019
Butovskaya M., Marczak M., Misiak M. et al., Frontiers in Psychology 2020 Vol. 11 Article 373
Helping behavior is likely to have evolved to increase chances of survival of an individual and their group. Nevertheless, populations differ significantly in their eagerness to help, and little is known about populational and inter-individual determinants of these differences. Previous studies indicated that economic and physiological factors might influence helping behavior. The aim of the ...
Added: October 30, 2020
М. : Канон+, 2015
This edition, consisting of the book (Part 1 – "the Persistence stay with you") and CD (Part 2 – "Something that leads us into the depths of ourselves"), includes articles, translations and discussions on interdisciplinary research of the phenomenon of care of the Self and its understanding in various humanitarian sciences. The edition is intended ...
Added: October 18, 2015
Medushevsky A. N., Российская история 2012 № 2 С. 3-17
В статье рассмотрена проблема социального конфликта при переходе от традиционного аграрного общества к обществу индустриального типа. Показаны альтернативные стратегии разрешения такого рода конфликтов в новой и новейшей истории в виде революции и реформы. С этих позиций проанализирована программа реформ П.А.Столыпина и ее влияние на модель авторитарной модернизации в современном мире. ...
Added: December 1, 2012
Burkova V., Butovskaya M., Karelin D. et al., Early Human Development 2019 No. 137 Article 104823
Background: Two recent meta-analyses have suggested the association between digit ratio (2D:4D) and ag
gression is weak. This conclusion has been criticised because the meta-analyses conflate forms of aggression that show strong sex differences with those that do not, and most studies have considered post-pubertal participants. Aims: We test the influence of 2D:4D and ethnicity in the expression of ...
Added: November 13, 2019
Zelenova D., Иванченко О. В., Попов П. А., Азия и Африка сегодня 2015 № 4 С. 35-40
Предлагаемая статья отражает результаты полевого исследования, поддержанного грантом РГНФ (№13-31-01284), посвященного практикам взаимопомощи в современном африканском мегаполисе. Первое полевое исследование в рамках проекта проводилось в сентябре 2013 года в Дар-эс-Саламе (Танзания). Авторы рассматривают современные группы взаимопомощи среди жителей традиционных африканских кварталов города – uswahilini (суах. «квартал для африканцев» или буквально «место людей Суахили»), описывают их ...
Added: December 6, 2017
Burkova V., Butovskaya M., Mabulla A., Social Evolution & History 2015 Vol. 14 No. 1 P. 87-104
The study of contemporary traditional pastoralist societies of Eastern Africa provide perfect examples of norms enforcement by third par- ties, and the life cycle ceremonies is a good example. The Datoga are characterized by exceptionally well-preserved traditional childbirth and postpartum rites, as well as by multistage system of integration of an infant into the tribe, ...
Added: December 16, 2019
Butovskaya M., Rostovtseva V., Dronova D. et al., Scientific Reports 2022 No. 12 Article 15232
Humans are unique among primates in altruism and sharing limited recourses towards non-kin. Our study revealed the differences in proportions of individuals ready to share limited resources with virtual friend compared to virtual stranger in children and adolescents from seven ethnic groups, represented by four traditional rural African societies from Tanzania with different types of ...
Added: October 31, 2022
Bondarenko D. M., Nkyabonaki J., Mkunde B. M., Modern Africa: Politics, History and Society (Чехия) 2013 Vol. 1 No. 1 P. 67-103
Self-reliance was a cornerstone of Ujamaa socialism – the ideology of Tanzania from 1967 till the mid-1980s. In the post-Cold-War period socialist ideology was actually abandoned, together with the really valuable concept of self-reliance. As most African countries, Tanzania is crucially dependent on foreign aid. We argue that aid can play a positive part for ...
Added: October 7, 2014
Ivanchenko O., Banshchikova A., Ученые записки Института Африки РАН 2018 № 3 С. 100-111
Paper deals with particular features of incomplete urbanization in Dar es Salam, Tanzania. It studies the lives of people, who just moved in to the big city, as well as the lives of the second or third-generation immigrants from countryside and rural districts. In the first part of the work these features are treated with ...
Added: November 8, 2018
Ivanchenko O., Азия и Африка сегодня 2013 № 6 С. 53-59
This paper examines the subject of national identity formation in Tanzania and how that correlates with ethnic identity. The paper is based on the fieldwork results derived from the data collected in the largest cities of Tanzania (Dar es Salaam, Arusha, Zanzibar) during the research involving 374 people of different ethnic groups, denominations, regions of ...
Added: February 27, 2018
Banshchikova A., Ivanchenko O., Антропологический форум 2020 № 44 С. 83-113
The article highlights the results of field research conducted in Tanzania from August 24 to September 14, 2018, focused on the historical memory of the Arab slave trade in East Africa and the Indian Ocean in the 19th century and its influence on the interethnic relations in the country nowadays. Structured and non-structured interviews (mostly ...
Added: April 2, 2020
Zelenova D., Ivanchenko O., Попов П. А., Азия и Африка сегодня 2015 № 4 С. 35-40
Предлагаемая статья отражает результаты полевого исследования, проводившегося в сентябре 2013 г. в Дар-эс-Саламе (Танзания) в рамках проекта РГНФ «Практики взаимопомощи в африканском мегаполисе. На примере Йоханнесбурга и Дар-эс-Салама»*. Авторы рассматривают современные формы взаимопомощи, распространенные среди жителей традиционных африканских кварталов, – uswahilini (суах. - «квартал для африканцев», или буквально - «место людей Суахили»), структуру охваченных ею ...
Added: February 26, 2018
Ivanchenko O., Восток. Афро-азиатские общества: история и современность 2017 № 1 С. 121-130
This article is devoted to mutual help practices, which are quite common in the largest economic center of Tanzania, Dar es Salaam. The main aim is to discover the basis of mutual trust of the members of such communities to each other, to leaders of their organizations and to such institutions as a whole. The ...
Added: February 26, 2018
Bondarenko D. M., Krishna K., Krishna R., Anthropos 2013 Vol. 108 No. 1 P. 77-95
The evidence shows that Tanzanian and Zambian university students representing the African by origin overwhelming majority of the countries’ population are generally tolerant towards their compatriots of the non-African (European and South Asian) origins. However, the evidence also gives reason to argue that, on the one hand, in both countries the perception of Europeans is ...
Added: October 7, 2014
Kashnikov B., Boston, Leiden : Brill, Nijhoff, 2017
Most books and articles still treat leadership and ethics as related though separate phenomena. This edited volume is an exception to that rule, and explicitly treats leadership and ethics as a single domain. Clearly, ethics is an aspect of leadership, and not a distinct approach that exists alongside other approaches to leadership. This holds especially ...
Added: November 8, 2015
Banshchikova A., Брындина В. Н., Ivanchenko O., Восток. Афро-азиатские общества: история и современность 2020 № 1 С. 82-93
The article highlights the results of field research conducted in Tanzania in 2018-2019, focused on the historical memory of the Arab slave trade in East Africa and the Indian Ocean in the 19th century and its influence on the interethnic relations in the country nowadays. Over 130 structured and non-structured interviews were done in Dar ...
Added: March 2, 2020
М. : Альфа-М, 2013
Книга представляет собой сборник научных трудов, посвященных 60-летию известного российского философа Р.Г. Апресяна. Коллеги Р.Г. Апресяна - отечественные и зарубежные авторы - анализируют темы и проблемы, которые в разное время оказывались в сфере его исследовательского интереса: это - природа морали, роль и место абсолютов в морали, философия любви, история этики, а также активно обсуждаемый сегодня ...
Added: May 11, 2013
Pecherskaya N. V., Jahrbucher fur Geschichte Osteuropas 2005 Vol. 53 No. 4 P. 545-564
This paper discusses the genesis of a basic concept of moral discourse – the concept of “justice” [spravedlivost’] – in Russian culture. This study was inspired by the lack of Russian and foreign research of the evolution of the concept of “justice” in the Russian language. The methodological basis of this work is the late ...
Added: February 28, 2013