Учебные заведения Москвы в период становления в городе системы народного просвещения (1785-1790 гг.): качество преподавания, контингент, трудности

Культурное наследие России. 2018. № 1. С. 47–53.

Belov A.

In the second half of the 18th century Catherine II»s government undertook reform of transformation of the city. During it the city gained the new lines giving it the chance to execute the functions. Creation in the cities of system of national education which was estimated as an obligatory part of city infrastructure was one of bodies of this project. Its realization was assigned to regional authorities. First of all on the governor general. They leaned as on municipalities of domicile, merchant corporation, and to the aid the states. The greatest problem of realization of this task was represented by Moscow — the big and densely populated city. Creation of an education system was constantly slowed down here. It caused discontent of the empress Catherine II who demanded to explain the events. Thanks to the correspondence remaining in archive it is possible to see process of formation of an education system in the city at early stages of reform. The given inspection showed the general condition of education authorities. Including private educational institutions which made the real competition to «state» schools. Reports contain detailed information on training programs, about a condition of infrastructure and search of sources of financing of education reform.

Keywords: просвещение, education, школы, city culture, городская культура, Екатерина II, народное образование, schools, boards, Catherine II, national education, Russian city, gymnasiums, reform of the city, русский город, пансионы, гимназии, реформа города