Влияние аграрных субсидий на сельскую занятость

Экономика сельскохозяйственных и перерабатывающих предприятий. 2020. № 4. С. 53–62.

Nikulina Y.

The article analyzes the structure of rural employment in Russia, its dynamics in comparison with world trends, impact of agricultural subsidies on rural employment. It was clarified that current agricultural subsidies under the State Program for the agriculture development affect only those employed in agriculture, whose share in the total structure of rural employment is reduced and amounted to 19.7% in 2018. The indirect nature of the effect of agricultural subsidies on those employed in agriculture is determined through the support of current and investment activities of agricultural producers-employers, the formation of a common infrastructure and industry structure. The analysis showed positive effect of investment subsidies on the number of people employed in agriculture. The rate of reduction in the number of employees is accelerating with a decrease in investment support. At the same time, investment subsidies have a greater impact on maintaining the number of people employed in industry compared with subsidies related to the compensation of current costs. Investment subsidies stimulate the creation of new jobs or increase the competitiveness of existing agricultural producers, which leads to stabilization of the number of people employed in agriculture, and in some cases to its growth, despite the introduction of productive, labor-saving technologies. The results of the study can be used to adjust the areas of support in the framework of the State Program for the development of agriculture and develop support measures for the State program «Integrated Development of Rural Areas».

Keywords: господдержка, субсидии, government support, subsidies, сельская занятость, rural employment