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Спрос на каршеринг в России: портрет потенциальных пользователей
This article provides a brief theoretical review and description of curves that showed superior fitness: Logistic, Gompertz, Mixed Informational Source model, Bass model, multi-generation and multi-product diffusion models, and the one that combines the concepts of technical substitution and market competition. In order to choose an appropriate model and distinguish driving forces a survey of methods and mathematical models which were successfully used in empirical studies of diffusion of ICT services in economics has been made
The authors develop a definition of the sharing economy as a new business model. The article analyzes and systemizes different approaches to understanding this term, highlights its key components. Also, the authors discuss a number of factors affecting the consumers’ behavior in the era of the digital economy, highlight key trends in the market of the collabo-rative consumption. As a result, based on the online-survey data, the authors identify the most popular services of the sharing economy for Russian consumers.
Several approaches to the concept of fatherhood present in Western sociological tradition are analyzed and compared: biological determinism, social constructivism and biosocial theory. The problematics of fatherhood and men’s parental practices is marginalized in modern Russian social research devoted to family and this fact makes the traditional inequality in family relations, when the father’s role is considered secondary compared to that of mother, even stronger. However, in Western critical men’s studies several stages can be outlined: the development of “sex roles” paradigm (biological determinism), the emergence of the hegemonic masculinity concept, inter-disciplinary stage (biosocial theory). According to the approach of biological determinism, the role of a father is that of the patriarch, he continues the family line and serves as a model for his ascendants. Social constructivism looks into man’s functions in the family from the point of view of masculine pressure and establishing hegemony over a woman and children. Biosocial theory aims to unite the biological determinacy of fatherhood with social, cultural and personal context. It is shown that these approaches are directly connected with the level of the society development, marriage and family perceptions, the level of egality of gender order.