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Эмблематика и исцеление от меланхолии в «Анатомии меланхолии» Р. Бёртона
The article analyses emblematics and emblematic discourse in Robert Burton’s «The Anatomy of Melancholy». It offers an extended view of emblematics outside the emblem books proper, a discursive emblem which organizes both structure and the narrative, epitomized by the emblematic frontispiece of the book. Article considers the intricate structure of the book in its connection with genre uncertainty of the text as either a scientific treatise, encyclopedia, commonplace book, epideictic text and others. Singular vs universal dualism is further put forward as the underpinning structure for the book and there are concluded both emblematic and dialectic intentions of «The Anatomy of Melancholy». The work further analyses emblematic frontispiece, revealing several emblematic structures and hints, consistently explicated in the article. It is argued that by both its visual and verbal means the frontispiece emblematically emphasises the antithesis of «duplicity» vs «singularity», underlying in book’s multi-level structure (author-reader, Democritus Abderitus and Democritus Junior, pre- and postlapsarian man and others). Analysis further demonstrates «Anatomy»’s continuity with cento and florilegia’s traditions, which defines author’s writing method. Author is ultimately argued to be using discursive emblem and emblematic discourse to establish his artifex’s status, which helps him to avoid melancholy himself and drives him to help reader do the same. The article postulates that emblematic frontispiece creates dialectic of «duplicity» and «singularity» in he book and solves it by demonstrating emblematic mechanism of reading it through emblematic lenses of joining together Word and Image, i.e. as an emblem book: this is what, in Burton’s mind, must offer both him and his reader the cure of Melancholy.