Article
EVOLUTION OF INSTRUMENTS OF STATE SUPPORT OF INDUSTRY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: FROM FEDERAL TARGET PROGRAMS TO THE STATE PROGRAM
This paper examines the evolution of support for civil industry in Russia in terms of the structure and content of the corresponding target programs and state programs. A possible solution to the problem of the recurrence of priorities and support instruments in the form of rejecting the sectoral principle of program formation is suggested.
We assess the effects of state-controlled "national champions" on the concentration and efficiency of the Russian banking industry. Our main hypothesis is that the unusual findings of the empirical studies reflect a specific institutional structure of the Russian banking market, namely the dominant position of the state-controlled players who are essentially different institutions than other commercial banks. The novelty is that we offer an alternative view of the market structure in an industry dominated by state-controlled entities, namely by consolidating their market shares into a combined market share.
Economic development of Singapore has become one of the vivid examples of transition of a developing country towards a group of First World economies. Singapore's economic success was achieved mainly due to the interventionist measures implemented by the Government and embodied in the industrial policy.
Among key problems of strategic development of the Russian Federation – a gain of the advanced positions in a global competition, an exit on standards of a life of the developed countries. Methods of achievement of the proclaimed priorities among which predominate an emphasis on realisation of innovations and optimisation of use of regional and human potentials are defined also. It means also working out of essentially new domestic industrial policy which main objective – stimulation of transition of a national economy on the way of development allowing a science and hi-tech sectors of the industry to become by the locomotive of economic growth, to provide adequate conditions for development for industrial sector of economy. Many questions concerning a theme of research carried out in the given collection, successfully dare in the European countries. Therefore studying a positive European experience important for decrease in vulnerability of domestic economy in the face of many global problems. These problems demand today adequate reactions at level of an industrial policy, start of new industrial strategy. In this work it is a lot of the specific proposals directed on the further development of the Russian industry. Authors have formulated both new tactical and strategic ideas, not ordinary decisions for achievement of leadership in the field in the future.
Economic development of Singapore has become one of the vivid examples of transition of a developing country to the group of First World economies. Singapores economic success was achieved mainly due to the interventionist measures implemented by the government and embodied in industrial policy. This positive experience can be also of interest to Russia pursuing to modernize the economy and to shift away from raw materials export dependency. This article contains analysis of the main stages, instruments, results of industrial policy of Singapore, and policy implications for Russia.
To help countries achieve their full industrialization potential and fulfil the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and thereby improve their general welfare, UNIDO is promoting the concept of comprehensive and sustainable industrial development (ISID), which was established in the Lima Declaration adopted by UNIDO Member States on 2 December 2013. The UN General Assembly recognizes the significance of ISID as an important strategic direction for fostering global development in the future. ISID is a key instrument for achieving sustainable economic growth, the creation of quality jobs, the building of equal societies, the protection of the environment, and the active shaping of comprehensive sustainable globalization. The promotion of ISID as the key driver for successful integration of economic, social and environmental factors necessary to achieve full implementation of sustainable development by creating and improving countries’ industrial potential is the main priority of UNIDO’s current activities. To successfully implement ISID, UNIDO acts as a global forum for industrial development and the establishment of relevant international standards, including standards on industrial statistics [UNIDO, 2014; 2013a]. Accordingly, UNIDO has been implementing the regional project “Improvement of industrial statistics and development of statistical indicators for the analysis of industrial development in the CIS countries” since 2013. The project’s main objective is to provide methodological assistance to the Commonwealth of Independent States’ (CIS) national statistical services in implementing international standards on industrial statistics in the statistical practice and presentation of modern, internationally comparable information for a qualitative and reliable reflection of industrial development processes. This report presents the results of the statistical analysis describing the availability, quality and measurement capabilities of official statistics in the CIS countries accumulated over the period 2005-2014.
We address the external effects on public sector efficiency measures acquired using Data Envelopment Analysis. We use the health care system in Russian regions in 2011 to evaluate modern approaches to accounting for external effects. We propose a promising method of correcting DEA efficiency measures. Despite the multiple advantages DEA offers, the usage of this approach carries with it a number of methodological difficulties. Accounting for multiple factors of efficiency calls for more complex methods, among which the most promising are DMU clustering and calculating local production possibility frontiers. Using regression models for estimate correction requires further study due to possible systematic errors during estimation. A mixture of data correction and DMU clustering together with multi-stage DEA seems most promising at the moment. Analyzing several stages of transforming society’s resources into social welfare will allow for picking out the weak points in a state agency’s work.