Factors Impacting Entrepreneurial Orientation and International Performance of Born Global Companies

Journal of East-West Business. 2026. No. 1. P. 1–30.

Veselova A., Sikachev A.

Recent technological advances and enhanced communication have allowed smaller firms to enter international markets, necessitating a deeper examination of factors affecting their early global expansion efforts. As born global companies (BGCs) become increasingly prevalent in the global economy, it is crucial to address their unique challenges stemming from rapid internationalization strategies. Acknowledging the factors that impact their internationalization can guide these firms in crafting more effective strategies, thereby bolstering their global competitiveness. This study aims to investigate how specific geographic conditions – such as headquarter location, market scope, and proximity to key markets – reinforce or undermine a firm’s orientation toward entrepreneurship and early foreign market entry. The research emphasizes a need for targeted policies such as investments in infrastructure, innovation ecosystems, and entrepreneurship education to foster a conducive environment for BGCs’ growth. The findings can help to develop BGCs’ internationalization strategies, underscoring the significance of location and scope in shaping their entrepreneurial orientation and international performance. Consequently, these insights bring about more informed decision-making regarding target markets, entry modes, and leverage institutional environment benefits to enhance global competitiveness.

Keywords: Entrepreneurial orientation, BGCs, Born Global Companies, international performance