Базисная лексика шугнанского и бартангского языков

Родной язык: лингвистический журнал. 2025. № 2. С. 153–175.

Armand E., Бадеев А. О.

The article analyzes the basic vocabulary (Swadesh list) of two closely related languages of the Shughni-Rushani subgroup of the East Iranian group of languages. The lists were collected by the authors using the elicitation method during field research in the summer of 2025. Special attention is paid to borrowings from Tajik, as well as to areal vocabulary. The Shughni basic vocabulary list contains 36 borrowings from Tajik, while the Bartangi basic vocabulary list contains 33 borrowings from Tajik. Based on the data obtained, it is concluded that the Tajik language has had a significant impact on the small, unwritten languages of the Pamir, which has intensified in recent decades. Most of the analyzed lexemes are accompanied by etymological comments. There are few visible differences between the two languages, and only two differences can be identified between the native lexemes of the two languages. It is likely that there could be more differences if it were not for the significant amount of Tajik borrowings that are present not only in the Shughni-Rushani languages, but also in other Iranian idioms of the Pamir.

Keywords: Shughni, шугнанский язык, базисная лексика, basic vocabulary, Pamir languages, бартангский язык, Bartangi, Tajiki, таджикский язык, языки Памира

Publication based on the results of: Linguistic and cognitive diversity in formal models, computer tools, and educational resources (2025)