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Экзистенциальная изоляция у взрослых, переживших длительный школьный буллинг: результаты кросс-секционного исследования
Although research on existential isolation has increased in recent years, it remains underexplored in socially vulnerable and discriminated populations. Victims of school bullying often exhibit increased susceptibility to depression, anxiety disorders, and loneliness. Factors that contribute to overcoming the generalized experience of existential isolation have not been adequately studied. The aim of the present study was to examine such factors in adults who experienced long-term school bullying. The main study sample consisted of 319 adults aged 25 to 45, including 212 individuals with a history of long-term school bullying. The following instruments were used: the Existential Isolation Scale, the Differential Questionnaire of Experiences of Loneliness (DOPO-3k), the Moscow Authenticity Scale, the Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale, and the Self-Transcendence Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, comparative analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings showed that existential isolation scores were significantly higher among adults who had experienced long-term school bullying compared to those without such experience and to a screening sample. Existential isolation in adulthood was positively associated with both general and positive loneliness. Hypersensitive narcissism was positively related to existential isolation, with this relationship mediated by general loneliness. Authenticity and self-transcendence were negatively related to existential isolation, also mediated by general loneliness. Results of multigroup analysis demonstrated that the associations between existential isolation and other personality variables were equivalent in adults with and without a history of long-term bullying. Understanding these relationships may contribute to the development of effective psychological interventions for adults who have experienced school bullying.