Мифология денег, этика монетарных установок и отношение к коррупции

Институт психологии Российской академии наук. Социальная и экономическая психология. 2025. Т. 10. № 1(37). С. 104–136.

Дейнека О. С., Maksimenko A., Никитин А. С.

To understand how money influences behavior, and corruption in particular, it is important to study myths about money and their relationship with financial motivation and ethics. The purpose of this study was to find connections between the ethics of monetary attitudes and the attitude of Russians to corruption with myths about money. In addition, the author's questionnaire of myths about money (MaM) was tested and validated. The online study involved 625 people, the average age was 30,84 years (SD=12.95), 37,4% men, 62.6% women. The tools included the MaM questionnaire, the new monetary behavior scale (MBS) by A. Furnham and S. Grover, the «What would you dare to do for money?» method by Furnham, the questionnaire of condemnation of corruption by S. Li et al. The factor structure of the MaM questionnaire data showed that two myths dominate in the respondents' monetary consciousness: «the omnipotence of money» and «money is evil». The second myth manifested itself in three forms: money as an insecure value; as a condemnation of turning it into the meaning of life; as a protest against the monetization of interpersonal relationships. Victims of the myth of the omnipotence of money are ready to commit actions condemned by society and even crimes, just to be closer to wealthy people. The less a person condemns dishonest income, the sooner he will sacrifice ethical standards for the sake of monetary reward. Respondents who see money as a possible cause of antisocial behavior condemn corrupt behavior and see it as a social threat. Attributing a high value to money to other people and countries, wanting to have it, the majority of Russians condemn dishonestly earned money, violation of legal norms for its sake, communication based on calculation and do not consider money the meaning of life.

Keywords: этические установки, отношение к коррупции, ethical attitudes, психология денег, psychology of money, outrage over corruption, моральное порицание коррупции, myths about money, mythologization of consciousness, primary validation of the questionnaire, monetary strategies, attitude to corruption, мифологизация сознания, мифы о деньгах, первичная валидизация опросника, монетарные стратегии