Ситуативность рамок взаимодействия в условиях защиты локальными сообществами пространства Санкт-Петербурга

С. 170–183.

Тыканова Е. В., Хохлова А. М.

In this paper we consider St. Petersburg as a social arena where competing social, economic and political interests collide. Using the dichotomy of the social production of space and the social construction of space, we analyze how uneven access of social groups to spatial resources and different potential of power and control over them make a reason for social tension and explicit conflict. The dominant discourse of the elites on city development and planning often ignores the interests and values of the rest of the population. Alternative views on how the contested urban space should be organized make the representatives of local communities consolidate and buck against the decisions of the authorities and investors. In our empirical research, we focus on the mechanisms of legitimation that local communities use in their defense of urban space. We show that both the actions and the counter-discourses of these communities are regulated by schematized cognitive structures that help them distinguish between the desired transformations of urban space and the “dangerous” ones. The opinions and decisions of city-dwellers are embedded in easily recognizable stable contexts of daily interactions (frames) that effectively organize their experience and serve as guidelines for interpretation and action. The legitimations marking the boundaries of interaction frames are of performative nature: appeals to them trigger the unfolding of certain scenarios of urban space contestation and defense. Comparing two cases (the successful defense of Sergievskiy housing estate located in the historic center of Petersburg against the prospective demolition of apartment houses; and the protection of Muzhestva square located outside the city center against the construction of a bistro and a shopping center) we consider a striking example of the discursive labeling of such frames: the appeals to history and memory.

Ключевые слова: социальные движения, локальные сообщества, оспаривание городского пространства

В книге

Предел, граница, рамка. Интерпретация культурных кодов

Саратов: ЛИСКА, 2012.