"Знаки страдания" в системе официальных наград XX-XXI веков

Научный диалог. 2019. № 10. С. 452–464.

Chernov A., Самохин И. С., Коморовская Е. П., Сергеева М. Г.

The question of the place of phaleronyms (medals, crosses, orders, etc.) awarded
to a person for the suffering he has experienced is considered in the system of official awards
of the 20th — 21st centuries. For their designation, the author uses the term lapel pins for suf-
fering. This group includes, first and foremost, wound lapel pins given during the period of hos-
tilities (for military personnel and, what is much less common, civilians), as well as awards
intended for former prisoners of war, prisoners of fascist camps and victims of terrorist acts.
The relevance of the study is due to the establishment at the beginning of the XXI century
of about 20 new “lapel pins for suffering” and the evolution of attitudes towards individual
grief in society and the state, while emphasizing the possible connection of the second factor
with the psychological heritage of the two world wars. The main source of research material
is a historical review by M.V. Tsarenko. Turning to other sources is clarifying and complemen-
tary. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the classification of “lapel pins for suffering” and
understanding of their special place in the award system. It is shown that the considered lapel
pins are awarded to a person precisely for suffering, that is, they cannot be characterized
as a specific form of reward for merit in the traditional sense.

Keywords: suffering, награда, reward, страдание, lapel pins for injury, phaleristics, M.V. Tsarenko, знак ранения, фалеристика, М. В. Царенко