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July 15, 2026
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Economists at HSE University have examined how smokers respond to changes in cigarette prices. When tobacco prices increase, cigarette consumption does not always decline. In fact, spending on tobacco may even rise: according to the researchers, a 1% decrease in cigarette affordability leads to a 0.28% increase in per capita tobacco expenditure. The findings suggest that to reduce smoking rates, tobacco prices must rise faster than household incomes. The study has been published in Voprosy Statistiki.
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О проблемах оценки профицита вагонного парка

Экономика железных дорог. 2024. № 8. С. 67–81.
Khusainov F. I.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the consideration of the issues of methodology for assessing the balance of the freight car fleet. The article considers the Methodological Recommendations for calculating the required fleet of freight cars and existing alternative approaches to calculating the indicators used to assess the balance of the fleet. The influence of individual methodological assumptions on the results of calculating the required and available fleet of freight cars is shown and a conclusion is made that individual assumptions significantly affect the final results. The influence of taking into account the intra-annual unevenness of individual indicators (loading and turnover of the car) on the results of calculating the required fleet and on the final conclusions about the surplus or deficit of the service for the provision of freight cars is shown.

Research target: Economics and Management
Language: Russian
Full text
Keywords: железнодорожный транспорт railway transport
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