Карл Маркс читает Кантильона, или еще раз о генезисе политической экономии

Вопросы политической экономии. 2023. № 4. С. 93–117.

Ananyin O. I.

The article is based on a series of notes by Karl Marx from Richard Cantillon's Essay on the Nature of Trade in General. The author studied the volume and the structure of those notes published posthumously, as well as Cantillon’s opinion on his predecessors’ works. This is the first work disclosing how thoroughly Marx studied Cantillon’s Essay and how the latter influenced Marx’s ideas about the genesis of political economy and the structure of theoretical economics. The article argues that Marx, after having studied Cantillon's Essay in comparison with physiocrats’ Economic Table, rethought his previous, and often accepted as canonical, views on the genesis of political economy. Along with the version according to which theory of value was based on the legacy of William Petty, Marx may have come up to macro approach to the analysis of economic systems and to the theory of reproduction originated in the works of Cantillon and Quesnay. The article also discusses an early attempt to study this issue by the Soviet economist Alexandra Eidelnant who analyzed, in the mid-1920s, the connection of Cantillon’s ideas with Petty, on the one hand, and with the physiocrats, on the other.

Keywords: Франсуа Кенэ, Ричард Кантильон, Richard Cantillon, Francois Quesnay, genesis of political economy, Eidelnant A.B., three rents theory, Эйдельнант, теория трех рент, генезис политической экономии