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Детские морские объединения России – пространство профессионализации или самоопределения?
Children’s extracurricular education in Russia and abroad is increasingly seen as a tool to strengthen the state’s global competitiveness, including through career training. Based on the material of a network of organizations of children’s extracurricular education implementing specialized programs in marine and river field in Russia, the article discusses various career guidance models in the light of contrasting industry attitudes to recruiting personnel – the attitude to universal personal development by means of specialized training and orientation to a wide labor market. The research focuses on a wide range of participants in the educational process: directors of children’s maritime associations, teachers working with 14–17 year-olds, as well as graduates who at the time of the study were cadets of branch universities and colleges subordinate to the Russian Federal Agency for Maritime and River Transport (Rosmorrechflot). The online survey covered target groups with the sample of 1583 people in 37 Russian regions. The results of the study showed that for the majority of children’s maritime associations in Russia, career guidance is not a priority and gives way to the tasks of socialization and personal development of students, which is similar to the situation abroad. The data obtained provide grounds for adjusting the concept of staffing in the industry, as well as for developing the primary approaches to assessing the effects of early career guidance based on specialized training.