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Сопоставление социально-экономического и демографического положения моногородов Урала
The study attempts to comprehensively analyze the social, economic and demographic statistical indicators of 19 monocities in the Urals. The main regions of the Urals, where there are settlements with a single-industry specificity, include the Sverdlovsk Region, Chelyabinsk Region, Perm Territory and Kurgan Region. The monotowns of these constituent entities of the Russian Federation were analyzed for the level of economic and demographic development and further comparison with each other. For this, the work proposed and tested the index of economic and demographic development of settlements, which includes 14 indicators of the data of the municipal statistics of Rosstat. These indicators are analyzed both statically and dynamically in the period from 2012 to 2019. The result is a ranked list of monotowns in order of increasing level of development when compared with similar indicators of the macroregion. As a result, none of the mono-cities under consideration exceeded the macro-regional values, which means that these are still uncompetitive settlements, which are inferior to the more developed metropolitan and regional centers of the Urals. In order to improve this situation, assumptions were made for the future development of these settlements - three development scenarios were identified for three groups of single-industry towns. In addition, the existing division of monotowns by color spectrum was criticized as insufficiently reflecting the real level of their development. This conclusion should be considered during the subsequent testing of the index with a more expanded sample of single-industry towns, including the addition of settlements of the “green zone”. Only then is it possible to question the existing taxonomy with complete confidence.