Анализ теоретических идей Д.Х. Джексона и их значение для современного подхода к афазиям

PsyArXiv , 2022.

Маркашова Е. И., Skvortsov A.

This paper is devoted to the analysis of the theoretical works of the English neurologist John Hughlings Jackson. We considered both Jackson’s general ideas on the structure and functioning of the nervous system, and, in particular, his approach to the analysis of speech disorders, i.e. aphasias. Those propositions of Jackson, which, in our opinion, are relevant for modern approaches to speech disorders, were highlighted. Thus, ideas on the qualitative distinction between the functions of reasoning and speech, the level structure of the speech function, the process of propositioning, and others were considered in detail. We also noted the formation of such concepts as "psychological means" and "psychological method" in the context of the analysis of speech function, which for the first time were outlined by Jackson. We showed the modernity of those problems considered by Jackson related to aphasia, as well as the relevance of proposed solutions, which, however, in our view, are undervalued by the modern scientific community.

Keywords: афазия, нарушения речи, aphasia, aphasia typology