К уточнению системы значений прилагательного зрячий в русских диалектах

Труды института русского языка им. В.В. Виноградова. 2021. № 2. С. 125–132.

Дьяченко С. В., Itkin I.

The article explores the meaning system of the adjective zryachii in the Russian dialects and provides the critical investigation of the correspondent entries in the “Dictionary of Russian folk dialects”. The analysis of these meanings and their division into two groups (the ones related to the verb zret’ ‘to see’ and the ones related to the adverb zrya ‘in vain, aimlessly’) allow to conclude that there are two homonyms, which should be described in two different dictionary entries. The lexeme derived immediately from the verb zret’ is zryachii with the meanings 1) ‘сlever, knowledgeable’, 2) ‘limpid, clean’, 3) ‘≈ looking like; seemingly’, 4) ‘possible, admissible’. On the contrary, the lexeme zryachii with the meanings 1) ‘vain, useless’, 2) ‘evil, of bad behavior’, 3) ‘stray’, 4) ‘indecent’, 5) ‘usual, everyday’ is a result of reinterpretation of the adjective zryachii as a derivative of the adverb zrya . Meanwhile, the “Dictionary of Russian folk dialects” contains three headwords zryachii , and, correspondingly, three homonyms: zryachii 1 with the meaning 1) of the first group, zryachii 2 with the meanings 2) and 3) of the first group, and zryachii 3 with six meanings, the first five of which are the meanings 1)-5) of the second group, and the sixth one is actually the meaning 4) of the first group. The article also regards the entries zryashchii, zdryachii, zdryashchii, zryashnoi, zdryashnoi, zryashnyi in the “Dictionary of Russian folk dialects”, which often require specifications, and draws on the data of the other dialectical dictionaries.

Keywords: semantics, семантика, диалектология, dialectology, dialectical lexicography, Dictionary of Russian Folk Dialects, lexeme "zryachii", диалектная лексикография, Словарь русских народных говоров, лексема "зрячий"