Своеобразие субэтнических групп ненцев по генетическим детерминантам метаболизма сахарозы, трегалозы и лактозы

Вестник Московского университета. Серия 23: Антропология. 2022. № 3. С. 63–71.

Kozlov A., Лавряшина М. Б., Вершубская Г. Г., Балановская Е. В.

Introduction. The diet of indigenous northerners is changing significantly on account of the rapid 
growth in volume and variety of consummated food sugars. Concurrently, an arrow of northern aboriginal 
groups are known to have an increased percentage of genetically determined disorders of disaccharide 
metabolism. The study aimed to assess the polymorphism of genes and alleles that determine production 
or activity of sucrase-isomaltase, trehalase and lactase enzymes in the groups of Nenets of Western Si-
beria and European Arctic.  
Materials and methods. The genotyping of the samples of biomaterial from 236 unrelated individ-
uals  formed  the  basis  of  the  study.  We  analyzed  the  genotype  and  allele  frequencies  of  the  SI 
(rs781470490), TREH (rs2276064) and LCT (rs4988235) genes in the groups of Forest, Gydan, Yamal 
and European Tundra Nenets.  
Results. There were not a single sample with the AG dinucleotide deletion at the rs781470490 locus of 
the sucrase-isomaltase gene (SI gene) found. The TREH allele distributions appeared to be extremely close in 
all the sub-ethnic groups of Nenets. The frequency of the associated with trehalase deficiency A*TREH allele 
in the Nenets groups is at 0.25-0.26, which is significantly higher than in the non-arctic populations of Russia 
(0.01-0.06). We have confirmed a high prevalence in the Nenets populations of the CC*LCT variant of the lac-
tase gene, which determines the limited production of the enzyme. The frequencies of the genotype vary in the 
Nenets sub-groups from 0.90 in the Gydan and European Tundra Nenets to 0.70 in the Forest (the difference 
from the European Tundra group is significant at the level of p = 0.06) and 0.65 in the Yamal Nenets (signifi-
cantly differ from both the Gydan and European Tundra groups, p < 0.05).  
Conclusion. The difference in metabolism-related gene complexes can be found not only between 
peoples, but even between sub-ethnic groups.

Keywords: nutrition, коренное население Севера России, питание человека, metabolism, indigenous people of the North, метаболизм

Publication based on the results of: The role of social diversity in institutional contexts: the inclusive society’s potential and challenges (2022)