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Принцип управляемой эволюции в теоретических разработках Генриха Альтшуллера
This article contains a conceptual analysis of the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) by G.S. Altshuller. TRIZ appeared in the 1950s-1960s in the USSR, and by the 1980s it had become widely known between experts. We try to consider TRIZ as a manifestation of the organizational principle of algorithmic rationality, which was a characteristic of many areas of science and culture during the Cold War. Although the principle of algorithmic rationality has been well studied in the United States, similar studies of the Soviet context have not been carried out until recently. We concluded that in TRIZ algorithmic rationality manifests itself in the form of an organizing metaphor of “directed evolution”. First, an analysis of TRIZ as a theory of technological progress was carried out using the classification apparatus proposed by Jon Elster. Then a comparative analysis of TRIZ with the “mechanology”, the French philosophy of technology in 1932-1958, was carried out. The “mechanologists” include Jacques Lafitte, Raymond Ruyer, Gilbert Simondon. The general philosophical foundations of the theories have similarities, while differences correlate with manifestations of algorithmic rationality in TRIZ. The type of algorithmic rationality found with TRIZ correlates with a more general picture of socio-economic relations in society, which implied a different picture of the world than in the case of the United States. This is the basis of the difference between the Soviet and American approaches.