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Симптом и свидетельство: феминизм как разновидность психоанализа
For about sixty years, feminism has been in a complicated relationship with psychoanalysis. On the one hand, psychoanalysis deals with topics important to feminism, and many of its ideas could be rethought. On the other hand, the substantive contradictions between feminism and psychoanalysis hinder their productive unification. The article proposes that the problems faced by the feminist psychoanalysis project arise not so much from differences as from similarities between the two discourses. Feminist view is based on the basic ideas of psychoanalysis. The structure of society in feminism is understood in the same fashion as the psychoanalytic unconscious. Feminist discourse aims to "capture" a symptom and offer an interpretation for it. At the same time, the interpretive apparatus of feminism differs from psychoanalytic theory, for it is based on an internally coherent system of prescriptions. As long as the symptom is successfully interpreted, the political involvement can be achieved in feminism. Thus, individual cases are understood by analogy with the "conscious" in psychoanalysis, and the system of prescriptives - by analogy the "unconscious". In such a way a "collective" political subject can be formed. Psychoanalysis and feminism find the causes of the symptom in different areas that do not intersect, therefore they conflict.
The introduction briefly describes the context of the study. The first paragraph introduces the concepts of description and prescription and analyzes the theoretical foundations of feminism. The author comes to the conclusion that the foundations of feminism could be thought as a system of prescriptives. The second paragraph examines the structures that are common to feminism and psychoanalysis and how they conflict with each other. In the third paragraph, feminism is compared with q-theory, and the difference between them is used to bring together the idea of a collective political subject. In conclusion, the main strategies for strengthening feminist discourse are considered. In particular, the project of feminist epistemology is analyzed. The materials used in the article are academic and journalistic articles written by feminists, blog posts and comments from discussion platforms, and a public interview.