Соматизация, психологический дистресс и качество жизни у сельских и городских жителей России

Психологический журнал. 2022. Т. 43. № 6. С. 94–104.

Zolotareva A., Смирникова О. В., Vitko Y.

The aim of this study was to examine symptoms of anxiety, depression, and somatization as
potential risk factors for poor quality of life among rural and urban Russians. The participants were
319 rural (N = 158) and urban (N = 161) residents who completed measures assessing somatization,
anxiety, depression, and health-related quality of life. Results showed that urban residents
experienced more frequent and intense somatization (53.4% vs. 37.3%), anxiety (38.5% vs. 17.1%),
and depressive symptoms (50.3% vs. 19.6%) than did rural residents. Both urban and rural residents
complained equally about physical health (68.9% vs. 63.3%), but not mental health (18.1% vs.
17.7%). The relationship between quality of life and psychosomatic status is more complex among
rural residents than among urban residents, as it depends on more potential risk factors. In
conclusion, these patterns need further empirical testing, after which they can be used to develop
medical and psychological assistance programs for the Russian population.

Keywords: качество жизни, Россия, Russia, quality of life, сельские жители, городские жители, психосоматическая медицина, psychological distress, психологический дистресс, соматизация, psychosomatic medicine, somatization, rural residents, urban residents