?
Правовая природа электронных денежных средств: подход российского права
Закон и право. 2012. № 10. С. 51–54.
Лощилин В. С.
The article is essentially an analysis of the notion of «electronic money», including the legal definition set forth by the Federal law «On the national payment system», and other legal norms that can lead to a conclusion regarding the legal nature of the mentioned phenomenon. This analysis leads to a conclusion that electronic money can be defined through properties which make them different from other kinds of money, which are the order of fulfilling payment obligations and the moments legal consequences arise in respective settlement relations.
Language:
Russian
Keywords: банковский счетelectronic moneybank accountremainder of electronic moneyirrevocability of money transfermoment of fulfillment of a monetary obligationэлектронные денежные средстваостаток электронных денежных средствбезотзывность перевода денежных средствмомент исполнения денежного обязательства
Ponomarenko A., / Series Computer Science "arxiv.org". 2025.
This paper addresses the challenge of merging hierarchical navigable small world (HNSW) graphs, a critical operation for distributed systems, incremental indexing, and database compaction. We propose three algorithms for this task: Naive Graph Merge (NGM), Intra Graph Traversal Merge (IGTM), and Cross Graph Traversal Merge (CGTM). These algorithms differ in their approach to vertex selection ...
Added: July 30, 2026
Piontkovski D., / Series arXiv "math". 2026.
A noncommutative projective variety is defined, following Artin and Zhang, by a graded coherent algebra 𝐴. The category of coherent sheaves is then the quotient qgr(𝐴) of the category of finitely presented graded modules by the subcategory of torsion modules. We consider the categorical and polynomial entropies of the Serre twist, that is, of the ...
Added: June 23, 2026
Piontkovski D., / Series arXiv "math". 2025.
If a symmetric multilinear algebra is weakly nil, then it is Engel. This result may be regarded as an infinite-dimensional analogue of the well-known Jacobian theorem, which states that if a polynomial mapping has a polynomial inverse, then its Jacobian matrix is invertible. This refines a theorem of Gerstenhaber and partially answers a question posed ...
Added: June 23, 2026
Shipilov F., Barnyakov A., Ivanov A. et al., / Series Physics "arxiv.org". 2026.
A fast simulation of the detector response is a vital task in high-energy physics (HEP). Traditional Monte-Carlo methods form the backbone of modern particle physics simulation software but are computationally expensive. We present a machine-learning-based approach to fast simulation of the Focusing Aerogel Ring Imaging Cherenkov (FARICH) detector response. Given a particle track and momentum, ...
Added: May 19, 2026
Дощатов А. А., / Экономические исследования и разработки. Серия А1 "Региональная экономика". 2026. № 5.
в научной статье анализируются проблемы управления промышленным развитием субъектов Российской Федерации в условиях реализации национальных проектов технологического лидерства. Установлена выраженная территориальная концентрация федеральных инвестиций и результатов нацпроектов в Москве, Московской области, Свердловской области, Санкт-Петербурге, Новосибирской области и Республике Татарстан. Обнаружены три системных дефицита методологического обеспечения: отсутствие эмпирических моделей корреляции капиталовложений и динамики индекса промышленного производства
на ...
Added: May 5, 2026
Derkacheva A., Sakirkina M., Kraev G. et al., /. 2026.
Comprehensive data on natural hazards and their consequences are crucial for effective for risk assessment, adaptation planning, and emergency response. However, many countries face challenges with fragmented, inconsistent, and inaccessible data, particularly regarding local-scale events. To address this data gap in Russia, we developed an end-to-end processing pipeline that scrapes news from various online sources, ...
Added: April 28, 2026
Филиппов М. Н., В кн.: Пенитенциарная система и общество: опыт взаимодействия. сборник материалов XII Международной научно-практической конференции, приуроченной к 25-летию ФКОУ ВО Пермский институт ФСИН России.: Пермь: ФКОУ ВПО Пермский институт ФСИН России, 2025. С. 187–191.
Данная статья опубликована в сборнике материалов XII Международной научно-практической конференции «Пенитенциарная система и общество: опыт взаимодействия», которая состоялась в 2025 году и была приурочена к 25-летию Пермского института ФСИН России. ...
Added: April 22, 2026
Pilé I., Deng Y., Shchur L., / Series arXiv "math". 2026. No. 2604.10254.
We investigate the spatial overlap of successive spin configurations in Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations using the local Metropolis algorithm and the Svendsen-Wang and Wolff cluster algorithms. We examine the dynamics of these algorithms for two models in different universality classes: the Ising model and the Potts model with three components. The overlap of two ...
Added: April 20, 2026
Gabdullin N., Androsov I., / Series Computer Science "arxiv.org". 2026.
Label prediction in neural networks (NNs) has O(n) complexity proportional to the number of classes. This holds true for classification using fully connected layers and cosine similarity with some set of class prototypes. In this paper we show that if NN latent space (LS) geometry is known and possesses specific properties, label prediction complexity can ...
Added: April 2, 2026
Sorokin K., Beketov M., Онучин А. et al., / arxiv.org. Серия cs.SI "Social and Information Networks ". 2025.
Community detection in complex networks is a fundamental problem, open to new approaches in various scientific settings. We introduce a novel community detection method, based on Ricci flow on graphs. Our technique iteratively updates edge weights (their metric lengths) according to their (combinatorial) Foster version of Ricci curvature computed from effective resistance distance between the ...
Added: January 15, 2026
Petrovanov I., Sergeev A., / Series Computer Science "arxiv.org". 2025. No. 2512.18332.
Transport coding reduces message delay in packet-switched networks by introducing controlled redundancy at the transport layer: original packets are encoded into coded packets, and the message is reconstructed after the first successful deliveries, effectively shifting latency from the maximum packet delay to the -th order statistic. We present a concise, reproducible discrete-event implementation of transport coding in OMNeT++, including ...
Added: December 24, 2025
Hessian-based lightweight neural network for brain vessel segmentation on a minimal training dataset
Меньшиков И. А., Бернадотт А. К., Elvimov N. S., / Series arXie "Statistical mechanics". 2025.
Accurate segmentation of blood vessels in brain magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is essential for successful surgical procedures, such as aneurysm repair or bypass surgery. Currently, annotation is primarily performed through manual segmentation or classical methods, such as the Frangi filter, which often lack sufficient accuracy. Neural networks have emerged as powerful tools for medical image ...
Added: December 1, 2025
Kosov M., Вестник экономической безопасности 2024 № 2 С. 185–191
The development of modern payment systems is associated with the emergence of so-called electronic or digital money. Under these conditions, cryptocurrencies are emerging and rapidly spreading as a means of payment. Currently, transactions with them are carried out on exchanges on many resources on the Internet. This trend required states to address issues of regulating ...
Added: October 22, 2025
Aleksey Nikolaevich Lyaskalo, Legal Issues in the Digital Age 2023 Vol. 4 No. 4 P. 48–67
The approval of new legislative acts regulating the financial assets in digital form, including digital rights, digital currencies and the digital ruble, gives grounds for rethinking their legal status and influence on the sphere of criminal law enforcement. The purpose of the study is to identify the legal nature of financial assets in digital form, ...
Added: December 26, 2023
Yankovskiy R., Legal Issues in the Digital Age 2020 Vol. 1 No. 1 P. 3–31
For the last five years there has been a global boom of interest in cryptocurrencies, followed by the fall of their rates; at the same time, there was a wave of enthusiasm regarding the public offering of tokens (ICO) and disillusionment in them (due partly to the active counteraction by American and other influential regulators). ...
Added: August 16, 2020
Lyutova O. I., RUDN Journal of Law 2020 Vol. 24 No. 3 P. 695–716
The article is about the problem of changing the content of the concept of the object of taxation in the Russian science of tax law in the conditions of the course on digital economy. The purpose of the article is to analyze the provisions of the Russian tax legislation, international norms, as well as academic ...
Added: April 23, 2020
Ryabova E., Шарый Л. Л., Вестник Московского университета. Серия 26: Государственный аудит 2018 № 4 С. 146–153
Despite the wide spread of the cryptocurrency around the world, the Russian Federation has not yet developed a mechanism for legal regulation and taxation of this phenomenon. This is closely related to the fact that its legal nature not defined. The authors have analyzed the possibility of assigning a cryptocurrency to one of the existing ...
Added: December 24, 2018
Dabrowski M., CASE Reports 2017 No. 488 P. 1–26
The recent wave of financial innovation, particularly innovation related to the application of information and communication technologies, poses a serious challenge to the financial industry’s business model in both its banking and non-banking components. It has already revolutionised financial services and, most likely, will continue to do so in the future. If not responded to ...
Added: September 7, 2017
Vishnevskiy A., Закон 2016 № 12 С. 29–37
The article (based on inter alia comparative legal considerations) puts forward the three principal foundations of the legal regulation of the bank account pledge, namely priority in rank, identification of the encumbered assets, efficient control of the pledgee over the assets. The author insists that these features are to be stated clearly in the legislation, ...
Added: January 7, 2017
Markin M., Вестник общественного мнения. Данные. Анализ. Дискуссии 2015 № 3-4 С. 121–129
Bank card payments, Internet banking, payment systems for online activities (WebMoney, etc.) are developing in contemporary Russia. In 2015 more than 70% Russian citizens have a bank card, more than 40% pay for goods and services via a bank card, more than 25% use Internet banking and about 15% use payment systems for online activities. ...
Added: February 2, 2016
Суслов Р. Э., Дедковский И. В., Юрист компании 2015 № 4 С. 24–27
Если банк начал перечислять деньги контрагентам с длительной задержкой либо вовсе перестал проводить платежи, значит, настало время для решительных действий по спасению денег компании. Проблема в том, что безналичные деньги на счетах – это своего рода фикция, поскольку юридически речь идет не о деньгах как о вещах компании, а лишь о правах требования к банку в размере суммы на счетах. В этой статье еще ...
Added: January 20, 2016
Molodyko K., Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Серия 14. Право 2014 № 4 С. 72–116
Th e author criticizes a widespread doctrinal position that money on current accounts are not the
clients’ property and could not be the object of vindication from the bank or from the third parties illegally
holding this money.
Modern meaning of the term “irregular custody” (depositum irregulare) is diff erent as compared
with that in Roman law because in ...
Added: October 22, 2014
Vishnevskiy A., В кн.: Гражданский кодекс Российской Федерации: Залог. Перемена лиц в обязательстве. Постатейный комментарий к пар.3 главы 23 и главе 24.: М.: Статут, 2014. С. 162–176.
Scientific and practical comparative article-by-article commentary of the new institution of the Russian Civil Law - pledge of bank account. ...
Added: September 29, 2014
Vishnevskiy A., Вершинина Е. В., Гонгало Б. М. et al., М.: Статут, 2014.
Article-by-article commentary to chapters 23 and 24 of the Civil Code of Russia. ...
Added: September 29, 2014