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Спрос на знания умения и навыки в вакансиях: кого готовит университет?
Мир России: Социология, этнология. 2023. Т. 32. № 2. С. 74–96.
Ternikov A., Бляхер М. Л.
An important challenge for the modern higher education system is to ensure that the skills of graduates of higher education institutions meet the needs of the labour market. This paper provides a comparative analysis of educational programs related to the field of social, mathematical and computer sciences, as well as comparable vacancies. The aim is to reveal how the learning outcomes declared in educational programs match with the real demands of employers. The methodological aspect takes into account the needs of the labour market for qualified personnel (without work experience). A methodology provides opportunities for correct matching between the learning outcomes indicated in the educational programs of higher education institutions with the demand of employers for the skills of workers in Russian labour market. Natural language processing methods are used for data preparation. The search for similar pairs of vacancies and educational programs is carried out using the Jaccard index (the intersection of two sets of skills divided by their combination). It establishes a correspondence between the education system (educational programs) and the labour market (vacancies). As a result, the declared and required skills were classified. It establishes a correspondence between the education system (educational programs) and the labour market (vacancies). The most probable job titles for potential employees in the educational specialties, educational programs and professional specializations have been identified. A significant contribution of this study is the development of tools that allow timely monitoring of the labour market based on skills. The paper offers recommendations on the application of the developed methodology to optimize educational programs of the higher education system.
Language:
Russian
Воронова К. Д., Lyadova L. N., Proceedings of the Institute for System Programming of the RAS 2026 Vol. 38 No. 4 P. 153–170
Title: Automated Event Logs Generation Based on Unstructured Internet Sources for Process Analysis Tasks
Abstract. This paper presents an approach to automated structuring event-related information extracted from unstructured textual Internet sources for process mining tasks. In many practical cases, information on events associated with various processes is not presented in the form of ready-made event logs, but is ...
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Makarov I. A., Россия в глобальной политике 2026 Т. 24 № 4 (140) С. 164–182
Три с половиной года остаётся до 2030-го – окончания срока реализации Целей устойчивого развития (ЦУР) – главной международной инициативы, устанавливающей долгосрочные ориентиры для будущего человечества. Уже очевидно, что она провалилась: преодоление бедности, решение экологических проблем и построение инклюзивного и справедливого общества остались красивой мечтой. Кто-то может воспринимать ЦУР как памятник человеческой наивности. Но надо понимать, что эта ...
Added: September 14, 2026
Springer, 2026.
This book gathers selected papers from the KES-IDT 2025 conference, held in Solin, Croatia, on June 25–27, 2025. The book presents and discusses the latest research results and generates new ideas in the field of intelligent decision-making. The range of topics discussed is classification, prediction, data analysis, big data, data science, decision support, knowledge engineering, ...
Added: September 13, 2026
Lebedev O. B., Митяков Е. С., Саенко И. Б. et al., Информация и космос 2026 № 1 С. 53–58
The article presents a methodology for the integrated assessment of cyberattacks on industrial control systems (ICS) using a combination of the Ampire cyber range and a digital twin. The approach is based on calculating five criteria—severity, attacker capabilities, vulnerability, complexity, and defense effectiveness—that form an integrated threat index. Testing across three scenarios confirmed the index's ...
Added: September 13, 2026
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This article examines algorithms for generating motion trajectories for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) during search-and-rescue and emergency response operations. It describes methods and algorithms for controlling the movement of a UAV group in various formations—such as line, rank, column, and during turns. Control is achieved through alternative collective adaptation algorithms based on principles of collective ...
Added: September 13, 2026
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The primary approach to solving motion planning and control problems involves the use of intelligent technologies. These technologies are applied to define and adjust control objectives and action programs, as well as to formulate control algorithms under conditions of uncertainty—stemming from various factors—across actuator elements and the motion control, planning, and behavioral subsystems. This paper ...
Added: September 13, 2026
Гибридный алгоритм оптимизации на основе объединения моделей роевого интеллекта: роя хромосом и пчел
Lebedev O. B., Лебедев Б. К., Ганжур М. А., Информатизация и связь 2023 № 2 С. 80–84
A hybrid algorithm has been developed to solve the VLSI component placement problem by combining procedures based on bee colony behavior and a chromosome swarm. The optimization criterion is based on estimates of the number of nets crossing specific lines within the routing area. A modified chromosome swarm paradigm is described; unlike the canonical method, ...
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Chertenkov K., Вопросы статистики 2026 Т. 33 № 4 С. 80–89
В статье рассматривается дифференциация итоговой рождаемости в зависимости от уровня образования женщин. Используются данные Всероссийских переписей населения 2010 и 2020 гг., а также Всесоюзной переписи населения 1989 г. Применяются методы когортного анализа, включающие расчет среднего числа рожденных детей, доли бездетных и доли матерей, родивших трех и более детей, для реальных женских поколений 1930–1981 годов рождения. ...
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The article presents a detailed analysis of a hybrid path-planning algorithm designed for navigation in a two-dimensional space, accounting for partial uncertainty regarding terrain information. The algorithm operates in stages and is divided into two levels. At the first level, the object's local visibility zone is established, and the corresponding region on the map is ...
Added: September 12, 2026
Lebedev O. B., Лебедев Б. К., Бесхмельнов М. И., Известия ЮФУ. Технические науки 2025 Т. 2(244) С. 68–82
This paper describes a hybrid situational trajectory planning algorithm for 2D space operating under conditions of partial uncertainty. Based on the integration of wave-propagation and ant colony optimization algorithms, it enables the real-time generation of minimum-length trajectories while simultaneously optimizing other path quality criteria. The processes of generating a trajectory segment and moving the object ...
Added: September 12, 2026
Lebedev O. B., Beskhielnov M. I., OPTIMIZATION BY THE SWARM OF TRANSFORMING CHROMOSOMES METHOD 2024 Vol. 34 No. 3 P. 652–658
A new strategy for finding effective solutions based on modification and hybridization of the canonical representations of the particle swarm algorithm is proposed. A paradigm of a swarm of transforming chromosomes is described, making it possible to represent solutions in the affine space of chromosomes with integer parameter values. The mechanisms of chromosome transformation in ...
Added: September 12, 2026
Lebedev O. B., Левченко Д. Д., Черкасов Р. И., Инженерный вестник Дона 2026 № 2(134) Статья 7
This article analyzes the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning technologies on the development and transformation of cyberthreats and the creation of highly effective cyberdefense systems. Key trends in AI evolution are discussed, including data-, model-, application-, and human-centric approaches, and their role in shaping both defensive and offensive capabilities. It is shown ...
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Fedorova E., Ledyaeva S., Stepanov V., International Review of Economics and Finance 2026
This study investigates the influence of low-quality information, specifically fake news, on short
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for stock market contexts, alongside extensive dataset ...
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Rozhkova K., Roshchin S., Roshchina Y., Вопросы экономики 2026 № 8 С. 29–54
Стремительное развитие генеративного искусственного интеллекта (генИИ) усилило дискуссии о том, как новые технологии трансформируют рынок труда, особенно позиции и задачи, которые еще недавно мог выполнять только человек. Эксперименты показывают, что генеративный ИИ может обеспечить значительный прирост производительности, особенно менее квалифицированных сотрудников, что может приводить к возникновению индивидуальной зарплатной отдачи на рынке труда. Впервые для России ...
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Papushina I. O., Shenkman E., Социологические исследования 2026 № 7 С. 31–43
The external shocks of 2022 have altered the operating environment for Russian
companies and the demand for skilled workers. This study examines how demand has responded for
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The empirical basis of the research ...
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Ильященко К. А., В кн.: Сборник тезисов докладов X юбилейной Всероссийской научной студенческой конференции НИУ ВШЭ - Нижний Новгород.: Н. Новгород: [б.и.], 2026. С. 125–130.
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Pozanenko A., Социологические исследования 2026 № 6 С. 64–71
Due to persistent territorial socio-economic imbalances, some residents of Russian villages and small towns leave for a long time to work without changing their place of permanent residence. Such internal temporary labor migration is referred to by some researchers as otkhodnichestvo, and migrants as otkhodniks, by analogy with the pre–revolutionary and early Soviet migration of ...
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Stoyanova O., Окусков И. С., Бизнес-информатика 2026 Т. 20 № 2 С. 81–93
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into information technologies is reshaping competency requirements for IT specialists. However, AI competency penetration into the early phases of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) – requirements analysis and planning – remains underexplored. Existing studies either rely on static competency models lacking empirical validation or analyze the labor market ...
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Talakauskas D., Пути России. Журнал cоциальных и этнографических исследований 2026 Т. 4 № 3 С. 44–67
An increasing number of organizations are implementing artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into various business processes, and the number of publications addressing aspects of AI’s application in the workplace is growing rapidly. Given the uncertainty surrounding the effects of AI implementation on the labor market, the time lag associated with its integration, and the novelty and ...
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Sorokina I., Социологические исследования 2026 № 4 С. 31–42
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quality, quality of employment, decent work, and quality of working life, identifying their conceptual
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Абрегова З. Х., Dvoynikova A., В кн.: Альманах научных работ молодых ученых Университета ИТМО.: Университет ИТМО, 2025. С. 487–493.
В статье рассматриваются различные методы аспектного анализа тональности текстовых данных, включая как традиционные методы, основанные на правилах, так и современные алгоритмы машинного и глубокого обучения. В работе представлен сравнительный анализ корпусов данных и методов аспектного анализа тональности текстов, который является важной задачей в области обработки естественного языка и анализа данных. ...
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Strebkov D., Социологические исследования 2026 № 2 С. 35–47
The article analyzes the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the professional activities of Russian-speaking freelancers engaged in creative and intellectual fields. Based on data from online surveys conducted in 2024 and 2025 on the platform Freelance.ru, the research reveals the dynamics of AI usage, the primary tasks assigned to neural networks, and the advantages ...
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Mitrofanov S. V., Экономика труда 2025 Т. 12 № 11
В статье представлен комплексный анализ системных проблем развития трудовых ресурсов и рынка труда в агропромышленном комплексе России. На основе данных Росстата за 1991-2023 годы выявлены ключевые тенденции: сокращение численности занятых в сельском хозяйстве более чем в два раза, усиление региональной дифференциации и нарастание структурных дисбалансов. Особое внимание уделено институциональной трансформации рынка труда, проявляющейся в архаизации ...
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Fedorov A., Вакку Г. В., Лебедева С. Э., Галактика медиа: журнал медиа исследований 2026 Т. 8 № 2 С. 163–182
With the increasing volume of data, university faculty may spend years processing and organizing information. Personalized assistance, content recommendations, data collection for literature reviews, and bibliographic citation formatting reinforce the role of artificial intelligence and neural network tools for scholarly communication. This paper discusses practical examples of using tools such as Elicit, SciSpace, Consensus, Undermind, ...
Added: April 7, 2026