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July 2, 2026
Researchers Discover How Spelling Errors Slow Down Reading in Russian
Psycholinguists from the Centre for Language and Brain at HSE University–St Petersburg have shown that words that are frequently misspelled are processed more slowly by readers, even when presented with the correct spelling. The researchers confirmed this effect for the first time using Russian-language materials and found that response speed is most strongly linked to how confidently individuals can distinguish the correct spelling of a word from an incorrect one. The study has been published in The Mental Lexicon.
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A modified pseudospectral method for solving trajectory optimization problems with singular arc

Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences. 2017. Vol. 40. No. 5. P. 1783–1793.
Foroozandeh Z., Shamsi M., Azhmyakov V., Shafiee M.

This paper presents a direct method based on Legendre–Radau pseudospectral method for efficient and accurate solution of a class of singular optimal control problems. In this scheme, based on a priori knowledge of control, the problem is transformed to a multidomain formulation, in which the switching points appear as unknown parameters. Then, by utilizing Legendre-Radau pseudospectral method, a nonlinear programming problem is derived which can be solved by the well-developed parameter optimization algorithms. The main advantages of the present method are its superior accuracy and ability to capture the switching times. Accuracy and performance of the proposed method are examined by means of some numerical experiments. 

Research target: Mathematics
Language: English
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Keywords: numerical solutionoptimal control
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