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Четырехфакторный опросник Я: его концептуальный и психометрический анализ
The authors created the Four-Factor Self Questionnaire (4FS) and assessed its theoretical and psychometric properties. Three main properties of the 4FS were as follows. First, the 4FS discriminates the scales on the criterion of sub-self. Second, certain pronominal forms are used in items of 4FS. Third, items were applied to interpersonal relations. Four hypotheses were tested. Four scales of the 4FS correspond to four sub-self, namely, the Authored, the Embodied, the Mutated, and the Related. The reliability of the 4FS reveals a sufficient value. The 4FS is characterized by internal construct validity. The 4FS is characterized by external construct validity. Initial data were gathered from a sample consisting of 579 volunteer participants recruited from Perm city universities and high schools, 330 female and 249 male, aged from 14 to 24. We used descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations, skewness and kur-tosis, t-test). Psychometric reliability was measured by Cronbach's alpha, omega, split-half reliability, Spearman-Brown and Guttman criteria, retest. Exploratory factor analysis was used to test the 4FS construct validity. Correlations of items with 'own' and 'others' scales revealed internal convergent and discriminant validity of the 4FS. External convergent validity was estimated by specifying whether scales of the 4FS link (correlations, discriminant analysis, ANOVA) to close constructs. Initially, the 4FS consisted of 32 items, 8 items per one scale. The participants expressed the degree of agreement with each item on the six-point scale ranging from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree". Then, the answers were converted into values from 1 to 6. The 4FS showed good measures of reliability. The 4FS maintained good internal convergent and discriminant validity. Apart from 1 item in the Related scale, a factor structure of the 4FS items was consistent with expected theoretical suggestions. Actually, the plural self falls into 4 sub-self. Besides, obtained data contributed evidence of internal construct validity. External construct validity was that the 4FS concerns not only the plural self, but can also be generalized to and across some close constructs. It is concluded that the 4FS can be used in scientific and applied studies.