Политическая система современного Китая и типология коммунистических режимов

Сравнительная политика. 2021. Т. 12. № 3. С. 63–84.

Lukin A.

The article analyzes the nature of the political system of modern China in the context of the typology of communist
political regimes. The author argues that the typologies of communist regimes proposed so far are of little use, since the
differences between the regimes were not considered deeply enough, while the ideology factor was not actually used as a
criterion for typological differences. The article proposes a new typology of communist regimes, in which the ideological
factor is the key criterion. Based on the analysis of various communist regimes in accordance with the ideological criterion,
the author identifi es three main types of communist regimes: left-communist, right-communist and bureaucratic, and defi nes the current Chinese regime as evolving from right-communist to bureaucratic. The author concludes that the Chinese political experiment deserves close study and a departure from the Westcentric clichés that still dominate world political science and historical science, and the new typology of communist regimes can serve as a useful tool both for its analysis and for clarifying the prospects for China's development.

Keywords: социализм, бюрократия, Китай, политический режим, bureaucracy, China, political regime, коммунизм, socialism, communism, right-wing communism, left communism, правый коммунизм, левый коммунизм