Влияние цифровизации бизнеса на финансовые показатели российских компаний

Финансы: теория и практика. 2021. Т. 25. № 2. С. 128–142.

Cherkasova V. A., Слепушенко Г. А.

Digitalization is one of the most urgent problems for Russia in the task of developing domestic business and is a priority area, as it affects the daily activities of Russian companies. Digitalization is necessary for companies to gain competitive advantages, increase their efficiency and improve their business performance. The purpose of this article is to identify whether there is a significant relationship between the financial performance of Russian companies and the degree of digitalization of their business processes. As the main financial indicator, operating profit is selected, which reflects the results of the current core activities of the companies.

To calculate the digitalization index, information data from McKinsey & Company is used based on six dimensions: digital marketing, digital product experience, e-commerce, electronic customer relationship management (E-CRM), and social networks. A regression analysis of data from 482 companies from 20 industries for the period 2017-2019 was used as a research method to test the hypotheses put forward.

As a result of the study, it was revealed that the digitalization index has a positive effect on the operational efficiency of companies, but the degree of influence varies depending on the industry, age and size of the enterprise. It is concluded that the greatest effect of digitalization is observed among enterprises with traditionally the greatest digital maturity. These are companies from the finance, technology, or communications industries where business digitalization is vital, and where a slowdown in digital transformation can move such businesses far back in the rankings.

The assessment of the impact of digitalization of Russian companies on their operational activities will allow the company's management to choose the right strategy in matters of digital transformation, which will ensure the company's competitiveness, increase its efficiency and contribute to its development. From a country-wide perspective, the results of this study can help make decisions about which industries to subsidize for digital innovation and whether to do so.

Keywords: производительность, performance, операционная эффективность, new technologies, новые технологии, цифровизация, digitalization, digitalization index, operating efficiency, operating profit, company age, company size, индекс цифровизированности, операционная прибыль, возраст компании, размер компании