Москва Екатерины II и Михаила Казакова: государственная программа трансформации структуры и облика «столичного города»

Культурное наследие России. 2017. № 4. С. 60–66.

Belov A.

In the second half of the 18th century Catherine II»s government undertook large-scale reform of transformation of the city. During it the city gained the new lines giving it the chance to execute the functions. The program of creation of the so-called «regular city» was a component of these transformations. It pursued a task to order city planning and building for the purpose of giving to the city of an impulse for active development. The special attention indulged in two capitals of St. Petersburg and Moscow. In the second case business was complicated by big age of the settlement and the settled planning. For implementation of the program a number of bodies was created: «Commission for a structure», «The stone order», «Expedition of the Kremlin structure», «Commission for the composition of the plan of the capital city of Moscow». The largest architects and other experts of that time were involved in their work. Including M. F. Kazakov. The city redevelopment plan was prepared, re-planning of its center is carried out, a number of new buildings is built. In the second half of the 18th century Moscow gradually lost lines of the feudal fortified city and gained the image of the modern city. For these years they gained many lines of the shape which are its business card today.

Keywords: архитектура, Москва, город, city culture, городская культура, Moscow, city, architecture, reform of the city, реформа города, regular city, регулярный город