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Японская коллекция доктора И. А. Штуцера (1763–1821) в собраниях МАЭ РАН и ИВР РАН: предметный состав (по архивным и музейным документам)
The article deals with the problem of revealing the exact composition of one of the earliest Japanese collections of the Kunstkamera museum and the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts – namely, the collection acquired by Dr. Johan Arnold Stützer, a Swedish doctor in the service of the Dutch East India Company, who stayed in Japan in 1787–1788. J.A. Stützer, a graduate of the University of Uppsala, was a student of Professor Carl Peter Thunberg, who largely determined his interests both as a researcher and a collector of Asian rarities, and these interests were reflected in the composition of his collection. In 1794, Stützer sent a part of his collection to St. Petersburg, addressing it to the name of Empress Catherine II. The Empress ordered to transfer the collection to the Imperial Academy of Sciences and Arts in St. Petersburg. The collection by J.A. Stützer was viewed as extremely valuable for the Russian academic and museum Japanese studies, for it provided unique materials on the Japanese culture of the late 18th c., when the Tokugawa Shogunate pursued a policy of self-seclusion, and Japanese items were considered particular rarities in Europe. The J.A. Stützer’s collection substantially enriched the Academic Museum (Kunstkamera) and the Library with a selection of very rare Japanese books, maps, and various Japanese pieces (works of various traditional and “export” arts and crafts, rare coins, samples of weapons, items introducing some of the traditional healing methods, some special items characterizing the state of Japanese sciences, etc.). Unfortunately, in the course of storing, the pieces constituting the original collection were separated and placed in different museum and archival repositories – that of Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera) of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MAE RAS), Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IOM RAS), St. Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. A significant part of the original composition of the collection has been preserved until nowadays, but the fate of many pieces remains unknown. The purpose of this article is to determine how many items of the original collection by Dr. J.A. Stützer are currently in the collection of the MAE RAS (Kunstkamera) and IOM RAS; what part of the items from the original collection has not been received by the Academy; what items are now considered lost. The article is the result of the research of the items composing the J. A. Stützer’s collection in the MAE RAS and IOM RAS repositories and its comparison with archival and museum documents describing the collection