Особенности смены «спортивного гражданства» в сравнении требований спортивных федераций

Спорт: экономика, право, управление. 2020. № 1. С. 14–17.

Vershinin A. I.

The issue of change of sports citizenship is complex and controversial topic for such a branch of law as sports law. Sports citizenship is an institution that describes the athlete’s legal relationship with a state, defines the athlete’s professional relations with national sports federations, assumes the opportunity to play for one or another national team, as well as the opportunity to play in national sports competitions without limitations. This issue has double regulation, including national legislation about citizenship, as well as local acts of international sports federations. In the framework of this article, the author will analyze the local acts of international sports federations in the context of the rules for changing sports citizenship. The analysis will be based on international sports federations that are part of the Olympic Games system. The practice of resolving issues of changing sports citizenship shows that the possibilities for changing sports citizenship vary greatly in game and individual sports. Sports federations try to prevent the arbitrary change of citizenship by introducing such restrictions as a ban on changing sports citizenship, quarantine when changing citizenship, limiting the number of cases of changing sports citizenship. The change of citizenship among athletes has recently become widespread. The introduction of a preferential procedure for obtaining citizenship, which is established in national legislation on citizenship, also contributes to this.

Keywords: спорт, гражданство, Olympic Games, Олимпийские игры, sport, International sporting organizations, права спортсменов, legal regulation of sportsman labour, международные спортивные федерации, international sports law, сборная