Проблемы российских железных дорог через призму британского опыта

Бюллетень транспортной информации. 2011. № 10. С. 3–12.

Khusainov F. I.

The article displays preliminary results of the three phases of the Russian railways structural reform as well as the present problems that this transport branch has met. It is shown by the author, that in some segments of the industry the certain reforms have been implemented, e.g. in the operating cars segment tariff liberalization has been carried out, private property has come into existence which led to growth of investment in the acquisition of fleet, increase in volumes of traffic. In other segments – in the field of infrastructure and locomotive department state property is remaining and as its consequence - stagnation and deficiency. Privatization of the railways in the UK and its connection with increase of investments and improvement of economic indicators are analyzed. The two critical factors of the reforms - ownership and degree of government regulation are examined. It is shown that privatization is an indispensible condition but not sufficient one to achieve successful results of the reforms. Economic freedom is not of a least importance, i.e. the absence of government intervention in the industry work.

Keywords: приватизация, государственное регулирование, железнодорожный транспорт, privatization, дерегулирование, railway transport