Древние греки о самих себе. К проблеме генезиса греческой философии

Философия и культура. 2018. № 10. С. 73–85.

Matveychev O. A.

This article represents the historiographical and theoretical overview of the views of Greek thinkers from Pythagoras to the representatives of Greek Patristics regarding the question of origination of the philosophy.

The author ascertains that among the Greek thinkers were prevailing the supporters of so-called adoptive hypothesis, according to which philosophy was borrowed from other nations. Many of the ancient authors believed that oriental wisdom was perceived by the Greek philosophers during their “philosophical journeys” to Egypt, Babylonia, Persia; or brought to Greece by the descendants from remote lands. The representatives of Greek Patristics, as well as Jewish apologists, in turn, were finding the origins of Hellenic wisdom in the ancient Biblical texts. Usually, Greeks considered similar borrowings as blessing for their culture. Opinions of the ancients also divided with regards to the religious source of philosophy. The main conclusion of this research lies in the fact that the task for reconstructing the system of representations of the ancient Greeks on the genesis of philosophy remains relevant to this day, as it opens the opportunity to answer the question on the formation of metaphysical foundation of the entire European civilization. 

Keywords: философия, культура, религия, наука, culture, philosophy, science, история философии, history of philosophy, religion, Ancient Greece, Древняя Греция, генезис философии, sophists, софисты, historiography of ancient philosophy, Greek Patristic, the genesis of philosophy, историография античной философии, греческая патристика