Оптатив и дезидератив в чукотском языке

Naumov I.

The purpose of this article is to offer a description of ways of expressing the semantics of desire in Chukchi. For this, in particular, possible cases of using the Optative construction, which denotes the speaker's desire, will be considered. We will show that its functional domain is wide enough and includes, in addition to the truly optative contexts, interrogative utterances with the semantics of the deontic modality. The case of competition of the Optative construction and forms of the Conditional denoting non-categorical order to second and third person will also be considered. In addition, basing on the terms «subject of desire», «desired object» and «desired situation», we offer a description of all possible ways to format a desiderative situation in Chukchi, that is, in which the subject of desire can be non-speaker. These are a verbal affix, an analytic construction and a matrix verb with a sentential argument, formed with a subordinate clause with the complementizer iŋqun ‘that’. Moreover, we define the restrictions on the use of each of them — such as the restrictions on compatibility with different parts of speech, as well as the restrictions on coreference of the subject of desire and the subject of the desired situation.

Keywords: модальность, наклонение, оптатив, чукотский язык, дезидератив

Publication based on the results of: Аспекты морфосинтаксиса чукотского языка (2017)

In book

Проблемы языка: Сборник научных статей по материалам Пятой конференции-школы «Проблемы языка: взгляд молодых ученых»

Вып. 5. , М.: Институт языкознания РАН, 2017.