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Self-esteem Motivation: Examining its Benefits and Costs in Academic Domain
Is self-esteem motivation a problem? Although Crocker and Park (2004) suggest that it often is, little research has directly evaluated self-esteem as a motive; instead, self-esteem has been studied primarily as a trait. Self-esteem motivation defined as a desire to prove oneself that he is able to perform the task, so he could respect himself we consider as a type of extrinsic motivation based on competence need (Deci & Ryan, 2002). Participants were 504 10th grade students. Students’ reasons for studying were assessed with a modified version of the AMS (Vallerand et al., 1992) with additional self-esteem motivation subscale. The subscales show adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s alphas ranged from .71 to .90) and the results of CFA performed through SEM support the structural validity of the questionnaire. The results demonstrate that self-esteem motivation lies in between identified motivation and introjected motivation. We show that self-esteem motivation is a reliable predictor of time for homework and academic persistence (grit), which in its turn predicts GPA (χ2=70.49; df=39; p<0.01; RMSEA=0.054; CFI=0.933). In sum, self-esteem motivation is quite common type of academic motivation that has some obvious benefits comparing to external and introjected motivation, although it is not as desirable as intrinsic motivation.