Классификация наук в традиционной индийской культуре

Гл. 8. С. 108–118.

Kanaeva N.

The article discusses the classifications of traditional sciences (vidyā, śāstra) in the Sanskrit texts of the Upanishads (Chāndogya and Muṇḍaka), in the Manusmṛti, Kauṭilya’s Arthaśāstra, Lalitavistara, Vatsyayāna’s Kāmasūtra et al. N. Kanaeva demonstrates that the authors of these classifications were brāhmans whereas the non-brāhmanical systems of science classifications did not introduce anything new into them because they had inherited them along with the traditions of brāhmanical educational system. Brāhmanical classifications of systems of knowledge were built according to a pragmatic criterion as lists of types of knowledge employed in the social practices of the higher varṇas: brāhmans, kṣatriyas and vaiśyas. In the Middle Ages another criterion for classification of sciences emerges — orientation to tradition (traditionalism) resulting in complicated lists combining theoretical and practical knowledge (“sciences” and “arts”).

Keywords: традиционализм, vidyā, śāstra, видья, шастра, classification of sciences, traditional knowledge, классификация наук, прагматический критерий систематизации, систематизация знаний, традиционная индийская культура, традиционное знание, systematization of knowledge, traditionalism, pragmatic criterion for systematization, traditional culture of India

Publication based on the results of: Роль эпистемологии и логики (прамана-вада) в системе традиционного теоретического знания в Индии (2014)

In book

Зографский сборник. Выпуск 5

Kanaeva N. Вып. 5. , СПб.: МАЭ РАН, 2014.