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A Cross-National Comparison of the Effect of Work-Related Factors on Membership in Voluntary Associations
Who joins voluntary associations? Based on previous research, we hypothesize that full- or part-time employment makes it more likely that respondents will join voluntary associations. This article examines how employment, supervisory status, and other occupational characteristics (creativity, autonomy or intellectual nature of work) influence membership rates in voluntary associations in cross-national comparison. This research combines individual-level data from the World Values Survey Wave 5 and 6, and country-level Freedom House data, in multilevel regression modeling. This research demonstrates that respondents in the labor force are more likely to report membership in a range of voluntary organizations, controlling for a range of individual and country-level characteristics. Similarly, employed respondents who are work supervisors are also more likely to report membership in most countries, while creativity at work increases the likelihood of membership in some settings.
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