Проблема семантической деривации слова «естественно»

Русская речь. 2025. № 6. С. 7–24.

Белов В. А., Шао М., Belova V.

The article is devoted to the semantic derivation of the word
“естественно” (‘naturally’), which in Russian can perform the functions of
an introductory word, an adverb, a predicative and a particle. The aim of
the work is to analyze the semantic and functional changes in the seman-
tic derivation of the word “естественно” (‘naturally’). The material for the
study was the data of the National Corpus of the Russian Language, as well

as the information from Russian language dictionaries. The hypothesis of
the study is that the semantic derivation of the word “естественно” (‘natu-
rally’) is associated with the strengthening of the modus content of the unit
and the ability to dialogize.
The work describes the semantic and syntactic characteristics of the word
utilize as different parts of speech. Based on the results of the study, it is
concluded that in modern speech the word naturally is mostly used as an in-
troductory word. The semantic derivation occurs due to the reduction of the
propositional group into an introductory construction. This transformation
is motivated by the strengthening of the subjective principle in speech and
the expansion of functions in discourse. The use of the word “естественно”
(‘naturally’) expresses the speaker’s confi dence, based on the knowledge of
typical behavior in this situation, which the listener also has. This word is
a means of conducting an indirect dialogue with the listener.

The semantic derivation of this word is a consequence of the change in the
non-canonical (narrative) communicative situation, which acquires dia-
logic features. An indicator of semantic derivation is the sharp increase in
the frequency of word “естественно” (‘naturally’) in the second half of the
20th century, the period of development of mass media, the development of
interactive communication, etc.

Keywords: аннотированный корпус, дискурсивный маркер