Реконструкция теоретических основ педагогики коллективного воспитания и практических способов ее реализации в советское время — от идей Макаренко к коммунарскому движению

С. 41–63.

Azyrkin P.

The text reconstructs the theoretical foundations of Soviet pedagogy of collective education and demonstrates how the idea of the “collective” became central to Russia’s psychological and pedagogical tradition and to Soviet educational policy. The review compares key definitions and models of collective development (Shatsky, Krupskaya, Makarenko, Umansky, Lutoshkin, Petrovskiy), as well as approaches to measuring “collectiveness” and analyzing intra-group dynamics. A particular focus is placed on practical formats for implementing these ideas—from Makarenko’s educational system to the Kommunar movement and the methodology of collective creative activities—and on their potential relevance to contemporary educational agendas.

Keywords: коллектив, школьное образование, группа, сообщество, collective, Soviet education, group, community, советское образование, school education

In book

Коллектив, группа, сообщество: ресурсы и вызовы в образовании школьников

М.: Национальный исследовательский университет "Высшая школа экономики", 2025.