Из истории оспопрививания на Северо-Восточном Кавказе в первой половине XIX века

Историко-биологические исследования. 2025. Т. 17. № 1. С. 142–155.

Манышев С. Б.

Based on a wide range of both published and was first introduced in the scientific revolution of archival materials the authors analyze the organization of smallpox vaccination in Dagestan in the first half of the XIX century. At this time, the region experienced an ambiguous process of incorporation into the Russian Empire. One important component of this process was the establishment of the health care system. In Dagestan, there are occupational therapists, open military hospitals, civil hospitals, and pharmacies. In the same period is the creation of committees to deal with smallpox in the country. One of them was created in the town of Kizlyar, which is a stronghold of the Russian authorities in the North Caucasus. Drawing on archival materials preserved in the collections of the Central State Archive of the Republic of Dagestan, the authors analyze the activity of Kizlyar Committee against smallpox. One important component of health development in Dagestan was to attract representatives of indigenous peoples to engage in smallpox vaccination. Despite a few problems related to an insufficient number of people involved in the inculcation of smallpox, their low qualification, as well as the absence of a vaccine and its low quality, vaccination in Dagestan was enough demand. It is widespread in the environment of the Terek Cossacks, of whom began to prepare the people, instill smallpox. The situation is different in southern Dagestan, which administratively belongs to the South Caucasus. There were set up special committees and the obligation to protect against smallpox were assigned to the district doctor. However, despite this, statistics show that the number of children who had been vaccinated smallpox, grew with each passing year.

Keywords: Северный Кавказ, North Caucasus, история медицины, smallpox

Publication based on the results of: War and Post-War Peace in the Russian Empire and the USSR (2025)