Контекстуальные и индивидуально-личностные факторы психологической адаптации этнического большинства в Эстонии и Кыргызстане

Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Психология и педагогика. 2024. Т. 21. № 2. С. 466–489.

Трифонова А. В., Lebedeva N.

Individual-personal and contextual factors in the process
of acculturation do not act independently of each other, but collectively, demonstrating close relationships. In this regard, it is important to study the personal and
contextual factors of adaptation within the framework of a single integrated approach. This exploratory empirical study is aimed at studying the complex
personality and contextual factors of psychological adaptation of representatives of the ethnic majority in Estonia and Kyrgyzstan. In the socio-psychological
The survey involved 300 Estonians (age = 37.09, SD = 17.34; 46.4% were women) and
300 Kyrgyz (age = 35.83, SD = 16.47; 68.0% were women). Scales from the MIRIPS questionnaire and the local identity scale were used for diagnosis. Droseltis and
V.L. Vignoles, as well as methods for measuring identities and intercultural attitudes developed at the Central Research Institute of Higher School of Economics. Indicators of psychological well–being, satisfaction, were used as indicators of psychological
adaptation.
life (E. Diener scale) and self-esteem (M. Rosenberg scale). Using structural equation search modeling, three countries were identified in both countries
Three complex factors of adaptation: ethno-cultural identity, orientation towards multiculturalism and the perceived inclusivity of the context. In both Estonia and Kyrgyzstan, ethno-cultural identity is positively associated with exclusive acculturation expectations, orientation towards multiculturalism is positively associated with the expectation of integration and negatively associated with the expectation of assimilation, perceived inclusivity of context is negatively associated with the expectation of separation.
Russians. The positive interrelations of the perceived inclusivity of the context with indicators of psychological well-being are also culturally universal.

Keywords: Кыргызстан, аккультурация, acculturation, психологическое благополучие, Estonia, Эстония, аккультурационные ожидания, Kyrgyzstan, ethnic majority, этническое большинство, psychological well-being