Book chapter
Средства компьютерного моделирования механических процессов в электронной аппаратуре
In book
Mathematical and computer simulation of economic processes.
Modern and advanced electronic equipment is developing along the way of miniaturization of electronic devices (EDs) and increasing their package density, accompanied by growth of heat emission. At the same time, EDs are continuously required to become more reliable and trouble-free.
In this paper we use the generally accepted definition of EDs as devices which operate utilizing electrical, thermal, optical or acoustic phenomena. One of such devices is a laser gyro (LG), composed of angular rotation sensors on ring lasers, and electronics to provide their functioning and signal processing.
In recent years, thermal simulation is being used in the designing of EDs in order to create competitive equipment in the shortest possible time and at the lowest possible cost. It allows to check thermal calculations and to optimize the design at the early stages of projecting, to reduce the time of testing of developed devices and to exclude redesigning caused by pre-calculation errors.
Analysis of thermal processes in complex multi-boards assemblies of stack and cassette types with large number of electronic components (ECs) is particularly challenging. Especial problems appear when Russian engineers design a system of complex interconnected EDs for space rocket which launch several geophysical and communication satellites onto the Earth orbit. Such EDs include up to 1 million ECs with a dense package on printed circuit boards (PCBs) operating in a wide temperature range. There are many foreign software systems (SSs) for analysis of thermal processes in mechanical engineering. Much fewer SSs are able to simulate thermal processes in electronics. But none of them can be applied in Russia for the several reasons. First, descriptions of these SSs have no information on the analysis of thermal processes in the complex EDs featuring PCBs assemblies of stack and cassette types. Second, the use of foreign SSs will require their adaptation to the component database and typical designs used in Russia, as well as to Russian design standards.
Consequently, high price of foreign SSs and time required for their adaptation will significantly increase cost and time of development.
It is noteworthy that foreign literature does not provide any information on simulation of the distribution of thermal fields in 3-axis LG with electronics.
The oil and gas industry growth has increased rapidly in the Barents Sea during the last few years. The Arctic zone is considered to be a relatively clean area. However, there is a certain number of “hot spots” in the Arctic due to the activities of extracting companies.
We study the problems connected with the production of these two types of fossil fuel and carried out simulation model. This model shows the results of oil or gas flowing accident related to drilling complex, taking into account sea currents, winds, temperature and ice. By using this model, we can highlight areas in the Barents Sea with the highest potential of the disaster so that preventive measures could be taken. In addition, this model helps to organize elimination of fossil fuel flowing consequences.
The problems of analysis and prediction in social networks are interpreted for the domain of marketing (other applications are also possible). Algorithms of determination of the strong subgroups and satellites for a network are implemented using the programming language R and tested on model examples. An original algorithm of calculation of the final opinions is proposed, implemented in R and also tested on the model examples. The main idea is that all control efforts in marketing (and other problem domains) should be directed only to the members of strong subgroups because they and only they determine the final opinions of all members of the network. Based on this idea, two problems of the opinions control on networks are studied. First, a static game in normal form where the players maximize the final opinions of all members of a target audience by means of the marketing impact to the initial opinions of some members of the strong subgroups. Second, a dynamic (difference) game in normal form where the players solve the problem of maximization of the sum of opinions of the members of a target audience by means of the closed-loop strategies of impact to the current opinions of the members of strong subgroups. In both cases we received the analytical solutions and conducted their comparative analysis. More complicated versions of the models are studied numerically on the base of the method of qualitatively representative scenarios in computer simulation.
The problems of analysis and prediction in social networks are interpreted for the domain of marketing (other applications are also possible). Algorithms of determination of the strong subgroups and satellites for a network are implemented using the programming language R and tested on model examples. An original algorithm of calculation of the final opinions is proposed, implemented in R and also tested on the model examples. The main idea is that all control efforts in marketing (and other problem domains) should be directed only to the members of strong subgroups because they and only they determine the final opinions of all members of the network. Based on this idea, two problems of the opinions control on networks are studied. First, a static game in normal form where the players maximize the final opinions of all members of a target audience by means of the marketing impact to the initial opinions of some members of the strong subgroups. Second, a dynamic (difference) game in normal form where the players solve the problem of maximization of the sum of opinions of the members of a target audience by means of the closed-loop strategies of impact to the current opinions of the members of strong subgroups. In both cases we received the analytical solutions and conducted their comparative analysis. More complicated versions of the models are studied numerically on the base of the method of qualitatively representative scenarios in computer simulation.
Modern and advanced electronic equipment is developing along the way of miniaturization of electronic devices (EDs) and increasing their package density, accompanied by growth of heat emission. At the same time, EDs are continuously required to become more reliable and trouble-free.
In this paper we use the generally accepted definition of EDs as devices which operate utilizing electrical, thermal, optical or acoustic phenomena. One of such devices is a laser gyro (LG), composed of angular rotation sensors on ring lasers, and electronics to provide their functioning and signal processing.
In recent years, thermal simulation is being used in the designing of EDs in order to create competitive equipment in the shortest possible time and at the lowest possible cost. It allows to check thermal calculations and to optimize the design at the early stages of projecting, to reduce the time of testing of developed devices and to exclude redesigning caused by pre-calculation errors.
Analysis of thermal processes in complex multi-boards assemblies of stack and cassette types with large number of electronic components (ECs) is particularly challenging. Especial problems appear when Russian engineers design a system of complex interconnected EDs for space rocket which launch several geophysical and communication satellites onto the Earth orbit. Such EDs include up to 1 million ECs with a dense package on printed circuit boards (PCBs) operating in a wide temperature range. There are many foreign software systems (SSs) for analysis of thermal processes in mechanical engineering. Much fewer SSs are able to simulate thermal processes in electronics. But none of them can be applied in Russia for the several reasons. First, descriptions of these SSs have no information on the analysis of thermal processes in the complex EDs featuring PCBs assemblies of stack and cassette types. Second, the use of foreign SSs will require their adaptation to the component database and typical designs used in Russia, as well as to Russian design standards.
Consequently, high price of foreign SSs and time required for their adaptation will significantly increase cost and time of development.
It is noteworthy that foreign literature does not provide any information on simulation of the distribution of thermal fields in 3-axis LG with electronics.