Book chapter
Анализ тренда на ограничения в использовании одноразовых пластиковых пакетов
In book
Nowadays, the NearNorth of Russia undergoes a fateful epoch. The processes of destruction of the old world order in economic, social and cultural relations is not only continuing, but increasing its pace. The omnipresent destruction is manifested through the depopulation of villages and small towns, further decline in agricultural production, "consolidation" (actually closing) of educational institutions and health care centers, and the degradation of infrastructure. The compressed social space of the Middle North of Russia is shrinking in concentric circles around the regional centers, increasing the vastness of social vacuum and the white space, with the latter being gradually occupied by the mutating natural forms. In addition, yet another (opposite) trend can be identified. It is associated with the escalation of migration amongst the dwellers of the large cities, especially megalopolises, to rural areas.
Extensive development of Russian cities, especially Moscow and St. Petersburg, has revealed serious social problems that had previously not been fully taken into account. In particular, the rapid escalation and exacerbation of social problems determine the quality of life in cities. From one perspective, Moscow and St. Petersburg are represented as thriving metropolises possessing a whole set of such social attractors as rich and comfortable residential buildings, shopping malls with international brands, best restaurants, medical facilities and other requisites of the upper classes. However, parallel to these features, the quality of life in metropolitan areas is determined by such parameters as the deteriorating environmental conditions, increase in street (and other types of) crime, unsolvable traffic conditions which reduce inner-city mobility to a minimum, and the decline of anti-terrorist security.
In the Middle North of Russia, especially in the Kostroma region, one particular trend became evident: there has been a transition from the seasonal migration to dachas towards the ‘settled’ migration related not only to the summer recreation, but also to the industrial activity in the framework of modern technologies. Specifically, modern forms of labor in the field of information technology were initially (and still remain to be) exterritorial in nature. Those working with data tend to be indifferent to the location of their job – what is important to them is a point of connection to the network and a portal for entry into hyperspace.
Improving governance requires taking into account the provisions of the concept of sustainable development in project management system of the company. This accounting treatment is proposed to take over the portfolio management processes of projects, programs and individual projects. This monograph examines the theoretical and methodological conceived the concept of sustainable, given the results of studies devoted to testing dependencies between the level of sustainable development and the results of the company, and also offers tools for implementation of the concept of sustainable development at the company level.
Some methodological foundations for elaboration of the modern strategies of ecological thinking based on the theoretical biology and on the theory of complex adaptive systems статье are under review in the article. Ecology, being a science of interaction of living organisms and their communities with environment, goes far beyond its primary frames of the biological knowledge and becomes a nodal discipline from which vectors of perspective interdisciplinary synthesis of knowledge diverge. The ecological approach turns to be fruitful in social and humanitarian researches. Ecology of action, ecology of mind, ecology of life, of cognition and of creativity, ecology of thoughts and words, ecology of ideas, ecology of communication and ecology of management – all these conceptual attitudes give evidence of audacious integration of the ecological thinking in wide spheres of the humanitarian and social knowledge, where it gives opportunities for some fresh approaches. The concept of Umwelt coined by Jakob von Uexküll in 1909 and his study of Umwelt (Umweltslehre) are of great significance for the development of the modern ecological universalism and for elaboration of strategic imperatives of the ecological thinking. The concept of Umwelt as a specific environment to which any biological species or its separate individual is adapted and which is constructed by it allows us to elaborate a real interdisciplinary platform for development of the theory of ecology, for holding a reasonable position in discussions about sustainable development and sustainable futures as well as about the role of education for sustainable development of the world.