Book
Материалы для изучения эпоса о Халандине (в соавторстве с П.Е. Прокопьевой)
The monograph brings together various, sometimes difficult-to-access publications and previously unpublished records of the Upper Kolyma Yukaghir legends about Khalandin, supplementing them with a series of observations and a vast study and commentary. The work is intended for readers interested in the culture and history of the Yukaghirs, folklore traditions and the ethnic history of Siberia and the Far East, archaic epics.
The work is written on the material of the various publications of the Upper Kolyma Yukaghir legends about Yukaghir national hero Khalandin. The historical basis of the legends was, apparently, the chain of real events of the third quarter of the 17th century. The texts of this cycle report that the hero Khalandin fought against the invasions of foreigners (Koryaks) upon the upper Kolyma Yukaghirs and achieved their cessation. A number of legends also contain another motive - that Halandin himself raided other foreigners (Evens) for the purpose of robbery. At the same time, in the legends recorded at the end of the 20th century, this motive is often accompanied by statements that reciter and Halandin himself are not very fond of such raids (in particular, showing that Hlkandin himself is ashamed of doing this to a certain extent). An analysis of historical traditions allows us to think that these moments are characteristic of a late time. The change in the models of the relationship of historical traditions to the foreigners-Evens was affected by changes in the Yukaghirs' perception of Evens as Yukaghirs changed their enmity with the Evens to a symbiosis with them. Some general cultural and anthropological models of perception of foreigners by the Yukaghirs and changes in these models, including its consequences for the modifications of the epic tradition, are revealed.
A comprehensive review of the climate change mitigation and low carbon development issues in the Northeast Asia, including Russia, China, Japan, Mongolia, Republic of Korea and DPR of Korea. The countries face an outstanding challenge of using their huge reserves of fossil fuels while committing to prevent global warming by over 2 degree Celsius. Their resources of renewable energy, technological potential and investment resources can help to deeply decarbonize their economies by 2050, and the international cooperation projects in the region can speed up this process.
The author proposes arguments are in favor of the "waffle-ceramic" Ymyakhtakh correlation with (proto)Yukaghirs and correlates of the division of the Yukaghir languages into the northern and southern branches with the division of the former Ymyakhtakh area into the Ust-Mil' areal in the south and the ongoing variant of the Ymyakhtakh in the north.
The Yukaghir epic demonstrates the thoroughly elaborated concept of nyalyle (here: "a bad homicide"), by which is meant any murder of a person committed not in a state of direct self-or-other-defense (or power actions against those enemy combatants who are not asking for mercy or reconciliation and not giving up the struggle ) during the confrontation of aggression launched by the enemy not by your fault (even partial) and not by the fault of those on whose side you are fighting. Nyallye lays down the burden on one's honor, and should be avoided. In exceptional cases it may nevertheless become ethically permissible or even ethically necessary (by virtue of other ethical imperatives, in this case outweighing), but even here it is viewed as morally burdensome and highly undesirable. The concept of nyallye expresses a developed ethos, which includes recognition of the high value of human life (even one of enemy).
Global warming is recognized as one of the most urgent challenges for human society in the 21st century. The international community has agreed to undertake necessary actions to prevent dangerous anthropogenic impacts on the climatic system. Based on the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2014), the UNFCCC Parties adopted the Paris Agreement aimed at limiting the global mean surface temperature rise by “well below 2 degrees Celsius”. Such an ambitious “climatic” target requires unprecedented efforts to reduce carbon emissions to almost zero worldwide this century. Moreover, in order to keep the warming below 1.5°C, the global total emissions must be reduced by 50% or more by 2050 (compared to current levels) and reach net-zero levels afterwards. In practical terms, it means that most of the countries should deeply decarbonize their economies, energy systems, industries, transport, buildings, products and services, while continuing growth of GDP and the standard of living of the population. The developed countries agreed to take the lead in climate change mitigation under the UNFCCC; however, the largest developing countries and emerging economies have started playing substantial roles in carbon emissions nowadays. In this decade, China became the world No.1 CO2 emitter overcoming the United States. The Northeast Asian (NEA) region, including China, Japan, Mongolia, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, the Republic of Korea, and the Russian Federation, is responsible for annual emissions of over 12.4 billion tonnes of CO2 or approximately 40% of global energy-related CO2 emissions. These countries are huge contributors to global warming today and may increase their share further. The traditional way of combusting the huge fossil fuels reserves (coal, gas, and oil) available in the Northeast Asian region would emit greenhouse gases substantially exceeding the amounts that would warm the planet by 2°C. On the other hand, plentiful sources of renewable energy (solar, wind, hydro, tidal, and biomass, etc.) in combination with advanced technologies, investments, and land infrastructure developments can transform the Northeast Asian countries into decarbonized, climate- and environment-friendly economies with sustainable growth and development, fully consistent with the goals and commitments under the Paris Climate Agreement. Delays with the deep decarbonization of the Northeast Asian economies will impose higher risks for communities and life-supporting ecosystems, more losses and stranded assets for businesses, and slower technological progress worldwide. The analysis of challenges and opportunities in deep decarbonization pathways for the Northeast Asian region as a whole is presented in this publication. We raise many questions, and yet have not so many answers. By publishing this text, we want to invite all interested and concerned parties to start thinking about and debating these new, but very up-to-date issues of deep transformation of our economies, industries, consumer behavior, and ways of living in climate-neutral patterns, in order that we can urgently meet the need to save our planet and keep it in good shape for the generations to come.
Global warming is recognized as one of the most urgent challenges for human society in the 21st century. The international community has agreed to undertake necessary actions to prevent dangerous anthropogenic impacts on the climatic system. Based on the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2014), the UNFCCC Parties adopted the Paris Agreement aimed at limiting the global mean surface temperature rise by “well below 2 degrees Celsius”. Such an ambitious “climatic” target requires unprecedented efforts to reduce carbon emissions to almost zero worldwide this century. Moreover, in order to keep the warming below 1.5°C, the global total emissions must be reduced by 50% or more by 2050 (compared to current levels) and reach net-zero levels afterwards. In practical terms, it means that most of the countries should deeply decarbonize their economies, energy systems, industries, transport, buildings, products and services, while continuing growth of GDP and the standard of living of the population. The developed countries agreed to take the lead in climate change mitigation under the UNFCCC; however, the largest developing countries and emerging economies have started playing substantial roles in carbon emissions nowadays. In this decade, China became the world No.1 CO2 emitter overcoming the United States. The Northeast Asian (NEA) region, including China, Japan, Mongolia, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, the Republic of Korea, and the Russian Federation, is responsible for annual emissions of over 12.4 billion tonnes of CO2 or approximately 40% of global energy-related CO2 emissions. These countries are huge contributors to global warming today and may increase their share further. The traditional way of combusting the huge fossil fuels reserves (coal, gas, and oil) available in the Northeast Asian region would emit greenhouse gases substantially exceeding the amounts that would warm the planet by 2°C. On the other hand, plentiful sources of renewable energy (solar, wind, hydro, tidal, and biomass, etc.) in combination with advanced technologies, investments, and land infrastructure developments can transform the Northeast Asian countries into decarbonized, climate- and environment-friendly economies with sustainable growth and development, fully consistent with the goals and commitments under the Paris Climate Agreement. Delays with the deep decarbonization of the Northeast Asian economies will impose higher risks for communities and life-supporting ecosystems, more losses and stranded assets for businesses, and slower technological progress worldwide. The analysis of challenges and opportunities in deep decarbonization pathways for the Northeast Asian region as a whole is presented in this publication. We raise many questions, and yet have not so many answers. By publishing this text, we want to invite all interested and concerned parties to start thinking about and debating these new, but very up-to-date issues of deep transformation of our economies, industries, consumer behavior, and ways of living in climate-neutral patterns, in order that we can urgently meet the need to save our planet and keep it in good shape for the generations to come.
The Paris Climate Agreement established a new target of combating global warming "well below 2 degrees Celsius". This goal will lead to the transformation and deep decarbonization of world economy aiming at nearly zero carbon emissions soon after 2050. The Northeastern Asian countries (responsible for 40% of global CO2 emissions) have all rechnological, resource and ivnestment potential for decarbonization both domestically and internationally, and can show leadership in this efforts on global scale.